Bch210 Study guides, Class notes & Summaries

functions of the membrane correct answer: -the structure of the membrane is key for its function -act as a barrier regulating import and export of molecules -help with compartmentalization of the cell, creating particular environments for certain processes so multiple specialized processes could occur at once -modulates cell-cell recognition with their glycoproteins and glycolipids located on the outer leaflet facing the cytosol -signaling across the membrane by proteins and lipids p...

Functions of biological membranes correct answer: - barrier (import/export) -compartmentalization of essential molecules (incrs. efficiency) - cell signaling-mediated by pr & lipids (receptors) - modulate cell-cell recognition (glycoproteins & glycolipids) What's responsible for membrane formation correct answer: decrease in ionic interactions w/ h2o (HYDROPHOBIC EFFECT) -h20X tails aggregate to hide from h2o (lots of n-c interactions) -polar heads interact w/ h2o Decreases membrane ...

identify all the polar amino acids correct answer: cysteine (cys), asparatate (asp), glutamate (glu), histidine (his) , lysine (lys), asparagine (asn), arginine (arg), serine (ser), threonine (thr), and glutamine (gln) identify all the nonpolar (hydrophobic) amino acids correct answer: alanine (ala), proline (pro), phenylalanine (phe), valine (val), leucine (leu), and isoleucine (ile) identify all of the amphipathic/mixed properties amino acids: correct answer: methionine (met), tyrosin...

agarose and agar correct answer: polysaccharides used to run DNA gels and for microbial plates bacterial cell walls correct answer: contain polysaccharides in their peptidoglycan layer lectins correct answer: are proteins that bind to sugars protein glycolsylation correct answer: assists in folding and cellular recognition, e.g. ABO blood groups -ose correct answer: indicates a molecule is some kind of carb blood group antigens correct answer: glycoproteins containing differ...

sucrose correct answer: glucose + fructose with a glycosidic bond simple monosaccharide correct answer: formula: (CH2O)n -simplest carbohydrates -have an aldehyde or ketone group sugars with a aldehyde have a prefix aldo- sugars with a ketone group have a prefix keto- -if a ketose, the ketone group is always at carbon 2- this decreases the amount of isomers that could form -made up of chiral carbons- allowing the sugars to form different isomers, leading to structural diversity (aldos...

van der Waals correct answer: -weakest (short lives) but lots could strengthen the bond -furthest distance -form as a result of hydrophobic interactions -strength depends on the size of the atoms and the distance between them -cannot be closer than the Van der Waals contact distance or else positively charged nuclei will repel each other (energy= 0) Proteins correct answer: main action molecule of the cell (Most chemical processes of the body are carried out by proteins) -classified in...

types of lipids (purpose) correct answer: storage, structural, and signalling fatty acid chemical structure and charge correct answer: - fatty part is the carbon chain - acid part is carboxyl group (-COOH) - negatively charged which conformations of saturated fatty acids are most stable? correct answer: - anti conformation - extended conformation unsaturated fatty acids correct answer: double bonds are almost always in cis conformation which results in kinks in structure mono-...

Essential Membrane Functions correct answer: act as barrier regulate import and export of molecules compartmentalization of processes increases efficiency membrane properties correct answer: composed of lipid bilayer impermeable to polar molecules asymmetric membrane fluidity correct answer: lipids and proteins rotate or move within bilayer; allows cell movement, growth, division, secretion, cell junction formation, and self-heal if punctured comformational changes mediate fluid...

proteins correct answer: polymers of amino acids linked in a linear chain by peptide/amide bonds (polypeptides) polysaccharides correct answer: polymers of sugars (mono-saccharides) linked in linear and branched chains by glycosidic bonds DNA correct answer: polymers of nucleotides linked in linear chains by phosphodiester bonds protein enzymes correct answer: Linkages (bonds) are formed/broken by _______? sickle cell anemia correct answer: a single amino acid change in hemoglob...

Which ONE of the following amino acids may be linked covalently to an oligosaccharide via an O-glycosidic bond? A. Glc B. Tyr C. Thr D. Asp correct answer: C - Thr has an OH side chain Which ONE of the following statements is CORRECT regarding the role of thermodynamics in glycolysis? A. It is spontaneous in the forward direction due to the cleavage of glucose into 2 molecules. B. ATP is required as the pathways is unfavourable under standard conditions. C. Thermodynamically favourabl...