Nucleophilic attack Study guides, Class notes & Summaries

Alcohol - Ketone - Amine - Ether - Amide - Ester - functional groups - Alkyl - An alkane missing a hydrogen Aromatic compound - Cyclic, planar, with every atom of the aromatic ring having a p orbital, while obeying hackles rule of 4n+2 pi electrons Vinyl - Hydrolysis Reaction - Carboxylic Acid - pKa ~ 5 Enantiomers - stereoisomers that are non super imposable mirror images Diastereomers - - Same molecular formula, same bond connections, NOT mirrors...

Tyr122 is important in the mechanism of the E. coli ribonucleotide reductase. The function of this amino acid in the mechanism is to carry out a nucleophilic attack on the substrate. coordinate water in the active site. generate the Cys439 radical species. hydrogen-bond to the phosphates of the substrate. correct answers generate the Cys439 radical species. Which of the following is the reaction for nitric oxide synthase? citrulline + NO + 1.5 NADP+ L-arginine + 1.5 NADPH + H+ + 2O2 ...

Classifications of proteins are based on.... correct answer: - position in the cell (membrane/soluble/extracellular) - function (transporter/enzyme/structural/hormone) - other molecules associated w/ it (glycoprotein - sugar, lipoprotein - lipid) A salt bridge is an....bond and is an example of a.....interaction correct answer: ionic, non-covalent Are salt bridges easier to break in biochem? Why? correct answer: - Yes- Interacting w/ surrounding solvent (water) Is an O bonded to a ...

BCH210 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS structure of glucose transporter - Answer-many trans helices, packed into bundles, 12 segments all together - 2 conformational states; inward facing and outward facing insulin receptor structure - Answer-2 subunits made up of alpha and beta chains joined by disulfide bonds what stabilizes ribonuclease? - Answer-disulfide bonds urea - Answer-disrupts non covalent bonds b-mercaptoethanol - Answer-breaks disulfide bonds 4 approaches ...

alkyl halide - Answer-compounds in which a halogen is connected to an sp3 hybridized carbon atom 2 types of rxn's alkyl halides go under - Answer-substitution and elimination substitution reaction - Answer-when treated with a nucleophile, the nucleophile replaces the halogen elimination reaction - Answer-when treated with a base, a pi bond will form creating an alkene what functions does the halogen serve in an alkyl halide - Answer-1) halogen withdraws electron density leaving the ...

SN1 Reaction - ANSWER- Unimolecular nucleophilic substitution - 2 steps - Starting with enantiomerically pure product tends to result in some degree of racemization - Retention AND inversion at stereocenter (R and S) - 1 nucleophile is replaced by another nucleophile - Carbocation INTERMEDIATE forms - Rate is dependent only on substrate concentration 1. LG leaves, forming a carbocation 2. Nucleophile attacks the carbocation, forming the product SN2 Reaction - ANSWER- Bimolecular nuc...

1. Reaction of ethyl magnesium bromide with water will generate? a. ethanol b. ethane c. butane d. ethyl magnesium hydroxide e. a peroxide - b 2. Under conditions of thermodynamic control, product distribution is governed by: a. the relative stabilities of the products b. the relative energies of the transition states leading to the products c. the rate at which each product is formed d. a and b e. b and c - a 3. Which of the following statements is false for the reduction of camphor...

Cumulated Diene correct answers double bonds are adjacent Conjugated Diene correct answers double bonds separated by 1 single bond Isolated Diene correct answers double bonds separated by more than 1 single bond Heteroatoms correct answers may be involved in conjugated dienes atom that isn't a carbon atom Diene Formation correct answers elimination using a strong, bulky base t-BuOK Single Bonds in Conjugated Diene correct answers shorter than typical will freely rotate allows...

agarose and agar correct answer: polysaccharides used to run DNA gels and for microbial plates bacterial cell walls correct answer: contain polysaccharides in their peptidoglycan layer lectins correct answer: are proteins that bind to sugars protein glycolsylation correct answer: assists in folding and cellular recognition, e.g. ABO blood groups -ose correct answer: indicates a molecule is some kind of carb blood group antigens correct answer: glycoproteins containing differ...

UMICH CHEM 210 - Exam #3 - Reaction Mechanisms 100% Correct SN1 Reaction - ANSWER- Unimolecular nucleophilic substitution - 2 steps - Starting with enantiomerically pure product tends to result in some degree of racemization - Retention AND inversion at stereocenter (R and S) - 1 nucleophile is replaced by another nucleophile - Carbocation INTERMEDIATE forms - Rate is dependent only on substrate concentration 1. LG leaves, forming a carbocation 2. Nucleophile attacks the carbocati...