NURS 324 Exam 1
Your patient presents with tachycardia, exertional dyspnea, fatigue, bounding pulses,
and postural dizziness. What is your diagnosis?
Anemia
Define anemia
a deficiency in the blood's ability to carry oxygen
What are the causes of anemia?
erythrocyte loss (bleeding), decreased erythrocyte production, or hemolysis
Your patient presents with mouth sores, joint pain, renal damage, pleuritis, and
photosensitivity rash. What is your diagnosis?
Lupus
Define lupus
a chronic inflammatory condition where immune complexes damage different bodily
tissues and systems
Your patient presents with spastic ataxia, memory loss, peripheral neuropathy,
emotional instability, jaundice, and magenta burning tongue. What is your diagnosis?
pernicious anemia
Define pernicious anemia
a deficiency in vitamin B12 due to a lack of intrinsic absorption factor
Your patient presents with anemia, hemolysis, acute pain episodes, swelling of hands
and feet, and frequent infections. What is your diagnosis?
sickle cell anemia
Define sickle cell anemia
inward, elongated red blood cells that are stiff and sticky --> keeps them from passing
through blood vessels smoothly
Your patient presents with splenomegaly, heptomegaly, bloodshot eyes, thick blood,
heavy menstrual cycle, and reddened palms and mucous membranes. What is your
diagnosis?
polycythemia vera
Define polycythemia vera
too many red blood cells due to a gene mutation
, Your patient presents with fatigue, sore throat, swollen glands, and high fever. What is
your diagnosis?
Mononucleosis
Define mononucleosis
elevated monocytes caused by Epstein-Barr Virus
Your patient presents with painless enlargement of the cervical and axillary lymph
nodes, weight loss, night sweats, abdominal and chest pain, and shortness of breath.
What is your diagnosis?
non-hodgkin's lymphoma
Define non-hodgkin's lymphoma
lymphoma lacking Reed-Sternberg cells
Your patient presents with dysphagia, brittle and koilonychia-shaped nails, PICA,
beeturia, and chelitis. What is your diagnosis?
iron-deficiency anemia
Iron-deficiency anemia is the "most common..."?
dietary disorder and cause of anemia
Your patient presents with jaundice, splenomegaly, heptomegaly, dark urine, weakness,
headache, and shortness of breath. What is your diagnosis?
hemolytic anemia
Define hemolytic anemia
decreased hemoglobin due to something destroying the red blood cells --> bone marrow
can't keep up with destruction
Your patient presents with back pain, bone pain, pathologic fractures, high serum
protein levels, and renal failure. What is your diagnosis?
multiple myeloma
Define multiple myeloma
malignant neoplasm of plasma cells or B lymphocytes, causing abnormal growth in
bone marrow and increased bone pain and fractures
Your patient presents with dark urine, delayed growth and development, excessive
fatigue, yellow or pale skin, and facial bone deformities. What is your diagnosis?
Thalassemia
Define thalassemia
fragile and thin red blood cells that form defective hemoglobin
