Campbell Biology Chapter 23 Test Preparation Exam 100% Correct!!
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Course
Campbell Biology
Institution
Campbell Biology
During an individual organism's lifetime, which of these is most likely to help the organism respond properly to changes in its environment?
A) microevolution
B) change in allele or gene frequency
C) change in gene expression
D) change in average heterozygosity - ANSWER C) change in gene ex...
Campbell Biology Chapter 23 Test
Preparation Exam 100% Correct!!
During an individual organism's lifetime, which of these is most likely to help the organism respond
properly to changes in its environment?
A) microevolution
B) change in allele or gene frequency
C) change in gene expression
D) change in average heterozygosity - ANSWER C) change in gene expression
If, on average, 46% of the loci in a species' gene pool are heterozygous, then the average
homozygosity of the species should be
A) 23%.
B) 46%.
C) 54%.
D) There is not enough information to say. - ANSWER C) 54%.
Which of these variables is likely to undergo the largest change in value as the result of a mutation
that introduces a brand-new allele into a population's gene pool at a locus that had formerly been
fixed?
A) average heterozygosity
B) nucleotide variability
C) geographic variability
D) average number of loci - ANSWER A) average heterozygosity
Which statement about the beak size of finches on the island of Daphne Major during prolonged
drought is true?
A) Each bird evolved a deeper, stronger beak as the drought persisted.
B) Each bird's survival was strongly influenced by the depth and strength of its beak as the drought
persisted.
C) Each bird that survived the drought produced only offspring with deeper, stronger beaks than seen
in the previous generation.
,D) The frequency of the strong-beak alleles increased in each bird as the drought persisted. -
ANSWER B) Each bird's survival was strongly influenced by the depth and strength of its beak as the
drought persisted.
Rank the following one-base point mutations (from most likely to least likely) with respect to their
likelihood of affecting the structure of the corresponding polypeptide:
1. insertion mutation deep within an intron
2. substitution mutation at the third position of an exonic codon
3. substitution mutation at the second position of an exonic codon
4. deletion mutation within the first exon of the gene
A) 1, 2, 3, 4
B) 4, 3, 2, 1
C) 2, 1, 4, 3
D) 3, 1, 4, 2
E) 2, 3, 1, 4 - ANSWER B) 4, 3, 2, 1
Most invertebrates have a cluster of ten similar Hox genes, all located on the same chromosome.
Most vertebrates have four such clusters of Hox genes, located on four nonhomologous
chromosomes. The process that could have potentially contributed to the cluster's presence on more
than one chromosome was ________.
A) binary fission
B) translation
C) gene duplication
D) nondisjunction
E) transcription - ANSWER D) nondisjunction
Which of the following is a true statement concerning genetic variation?
A) It is created by the direct action of natural selection.
B) It arises in response to changes in the environment.
C) It must be present in a population before natural selection can act upon the population.
, D) It tends to be reduced by the processes involved when diploid organisms produce gametes.
E) A population that has a higher average heterozygosity has less genetic variation than one with a
lower average heterozygosity. - ANSWER C) It must be present in a population before natural
selection can act upon the population.
How many of these statements regarding populations are true?
1. Mature males and females of a population can interbreed with each other.
2. Populations are sometimes geographically isolated from other populations.
3. Biological species are made up of populations.
4. Members of a population tend to be genetically more similar to each other than to members of
other populations.
Although each of the following has a better chance of influencing gene frequencies in small
populations than in large populations, which one most consistently requires a small population as a
precondition for its occurrence?
A) mutation
B) nonrandom mating
C) genetic drift
D) natural selection
E) gene flow - ANSWER C) genetic drift
In modern terminology, diversity is understood to be a result of genetic variation. Which of the
following is a recognized source of variation for evolution?
A) mistakes in translation of structural genes
B) mistakes in protein folding
C) rampant changes to the dictionary of the genetic code
D) binary fission
E) recombination by crossing over in meiosis - ANSWER E) recombination by crossing over in meiosis
A trend toward the decrease in the size of plants on the slopes of mountains as altitudes increase is
an example of
A) a cline.
B) a bottleneck.
C) relative fitness.
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