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Major Field Test with complete solutions
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Major Field Test with complete solutions
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Major Field Test with complete solutionsJohn Watson is to Edward Titchener as ________ is to ________. - Answer -observable
behavior; inner sensations
The fact that many happy and well-adjusted adults were once rebellious and unhappy
as adolescents is most relevant to the issue of: - Answer -stability or change
You come home one night to find a burglar in your house. Your heart starts racing and
you begin to perspire. These physical reactions are triggered by the: - Answer -
sympathetic nervous system
Repeatedly washing your hands is to ________ as repeatedly thinking about your own
death is to ________ - Answer -compulsion; obsession
After a stressful day at the office, Arthur has five or six drinks at a local bar before going
home for dinner. Research suggests that Arthur's heavy drinking will have the most
adverse effect on his ability to remember: - Answer -the next day the names of the
people he talked to and what he said while drinking
Experts who defend intelligence tests against the charge of being culturally biased and
discriminatory would be most likely to highlight the ________ of intelligence tests. -
Answer -predictive validity
Researchers assess the correlation between scores obtained on two halves of a single
test in order to measure the ________ of a test. - Answer -reliability
Environmental influences on personality traits are most clearly highlighted by comparing
________ with ________. - Answer -identical twins raised together; identical twins
raised apart
The written exam for a driver's license would most likely be considered a(n) ________
test. - Answer -achievement
The sequence of brain regions from oldest to newest is: - Answer -brain stem; limbic
system; cerebral cortex
,On some college football teams, players are rewarded for outstanding performance with
a gold star on their helmets. This practice best illustrates the use of: - Answer -
incentives
Professor Pegler's research efforts focus on how the use of heuristics influences
people's assessments of financial risks. Which specialty area does his research best
represent? - Answer -cognitive psychology
If your __________ is destroyed, the left side of your brain could not control the
movements of your right hand. - Answer -corpus callosum
Four-year-old Della asks her mother for a special treat every time they go to the grocery
store. Although at one time her mother granted every request, she now does so less
consistently. Research suggests that Della will: - Answer -soon give up asking for a
treat entirely
Research on obesity and weight control indicates that: - Answer -no matter how
carefully people diet, they can never lose fat cells.
As an aid to memorizing lengthy speeches, ancient Greek orators would visualize
themselves moving through familiar locations. They were making use of: - Answer -
implicit memory
Logan is an unsuccessful businessman who feels little satisfaction with life. In order to
increase his subjective well-being, Logan should: - Answer -imagine what his life might
be like if he were suffering from a fatal disease
When people are asked to recall a list of words they had earlier memorized, they often
substitute synonyms for some of the words on the original list. This best illustrates the
effects of: - Answer -implicit memory
Carl Rogers would have suggested that many of the defense mechanisms described by
Freud are used to minimize the perceived discrepancy between: - Answer -the actual
self and the ideal self
On the basis of Maslow's hierarchy of needs, one would be least likely to predict that a:
- Answer -prisoner might choose to die rather than betray his country
For a thirsty person, drinking water serves to reduce: - Answer -drive
Edward Titchener is to ________ as William James is to ________. - Answer -
structuralism; functionalism
A person who thinks it's wrong to drive over the speed limit simply because one might
get punished for doing so is demonstrating Kohlberg's ________ stage of morality.
,A person who thinks it's wrong to drive over the speed limit simply because one might
get punished for doing so is demonstrating Kohlberg's ________ stage of morality. -
Answer -preoperational
The egocentrism of preschoolers was most strongly emphasized by: - Answer -Piaget's
cognitive development theory
The proper se of condoms: - Answer -dramatically reduces the risk of HIV infections but
fails to prevent the transmission of certain other STIs.
Your psychology professor has announced that the next test will assess your
understanding of sensation and perception. When you receive the test, however, you
find that very few questions actually relate to these topics. In this instance, you would be
most concerned about the ________ of the test. - Answer -validity
Prejudice is most likely to develop as a way of justifying: - Answer -social inequalities
Compared with Freud, contemporary research psychologists are less likely to think of
unconscious mental dynamics as involving: - Answer -motivational conflict
Dan and Joel, both 4-year-olds, have been watching reruns of "Superman" on
television. Joel's mother recently found the boys standing on the garage roof, ready to
try flying. What best accounts for the boys' behavior? - Answer -observational learning
Although identical twins have been shown to have some amazing psychological
similarities, one should be cautious about attributing these similarities to genetic factors
because: - Answer -any two strangers are likely to share a string of coincidental
similarities
A teratogen is a(n): - Answer -substance that can cross the placental barrier and harm
an unborn child
The rhythmic bursts of brain activity that occur during Stage 2 sleep are called: - Answer
-sleep spindles
William, an airplane pilot, is unable to remember anything of a bombing raid in which his
plane was severely damaged and two crew members were killed. Because he himself
suffered no physical injuries, psychologists suspect that William probably suffers from a:
- Answer -dissociative disorder
According to Kohlberg, morality based on the avoidance of punishment and the
attainment of concrete rewards represents a(n) ________ morality. - Answer -
preconventional
The tendency to favor members of one's own group is likely when people are formed
into distinguishable groups on the basis of: - Answer -any of the above criteria
, Larry studies diligently because he is haunted by an image of himself being unable to
gain employment after his college graduation. Larry's diligence best illustrates the
motivational impact of: - Answer -possible selves
Which of the following represents the correct order of Piaget's stages of cognitive
development? - Answer -sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, formal
operational
Luella publicly agrees with her seventh-grade classmates that parents should allow 13-
year-olds to date. Later that day, she writes in her diary that she actually believes
parents should prohibit kids from dating until they are at least 15 years old. Luella's
public conformity to her classmates' opinion best illustrates the power of: - Answer -
normative social influence
Greg remembered a recent dream in which his girlfriend suddenly grabbed the wheel of
his speeding car to prevent him from driving off the edge of a cliff. Greg's therapist
suggested that the dream might be a representation of the girlfriend's frantic efforts to
save the couple from sexual disaster. According to Freud, the therapist was attempting
to reveal the ________ of Greg's dream. - Answer -latent content
Last year, Dr. Moritano cleaned Natacha's skin with rubbing alcohol prior to
administering each of a series of painful rabies vaccination shots. Which of the following
processes accounts for the fact that Natacha currently becomes fearful every time she
smells rubbing alcohol? - Answer -classical conditioning
The occipital lobes are to ________ as the temporal lobes are to ________. - Answer -
seeing; hearing
Functionalism was a school of psychology that focused attention on the: - Answer -
adaptive value of conscious thought
Which of the following comments is most likely to be made in a group characterized by
groupthink? - Answer -"We all seem to be in basic agreement, so there's no sense in
continuing our discussion of this issue."
We are more likely to remember the words "typewriter, cigarette, and fire" than the
words "void, process, and inherent." This best illustrates the value of: - Answer -visual
encoding
Attribution theory was designed to account for: - Answer -how people explain others'
behavior
Our capacity for thinking without language is best illustrated by: - Answer -unconscious
information processing
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