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Exam- AMSCO APUSH Chapter 1-15(AMSCO United States History 2015 Edition, Chapter 1 – 5)
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Exam- AMSCO APUSH Chapter 1-15(AMSCO UnitedStates History 2015 Edition, Chapter 1 – 5)
American Indian Societies 1491 Correct-Some time between 10,000 and 40,000 years ago,
people may have migrated from Asia to the Americas, across a land bridge that connected
Siberia and Alaska. Over a long period of time, successive generations migrated southward to
the southern tip of South America. They evolved to hundreds of tribes, spoke different
languages, and practiced different cultures. In the 1490s it is estimated that the Native
American population was from 50 million to 100 million people.
European incentives for exploring and settling of America Correct-In the 15th century
(1400s) there were three primary motives for Europeans to explore and settle America were
political, economic, and religious.
Political: In the 15th century Europe was changing politically. Nation states were forming,
where the majority of people shared a common culture and a common loyalty toward a
central government. The monarchs of these countries such as Spain, Portugal, France,
England, and the Netherlands depended on trade to bring in needed revenue and they
wanted to expand trade.
Economic: In the past merchants had traveled a long, slow, and expensive land route to Asia.
In 1453, this route was blocked when the Ottoman Turks seized control of Constantinople. In
order to find a route to the rich Asian market, European nations funded exploration by sea. In
1492, Spain financed Christopher Columbus who sailed across the Atlantic in search of a route
to Asia. He landed on an island in the Bahamas.
, Exam- AMSCO APUSH Chapter 1-15(AMSCO United
States History 2015 Edition, Chapter 1 – 5)
Religious: In the early 1500s, many Christians in northern European countries had revolted
against the Roman Catholic church, in the Protestant Reformation. The conflict between the
Catholics and the Protestants caused them to want to spread their version of Christianity to
other parts of the world.
Columbian Exchange Correct-The Europeans and the original inhabitants of the Americas
had developed vastly different cultures over thousands of years. This term refers to the
transfer of plants, animals and germs from one side of the Atlantic to the other for the first
time. Europe received beans, corn, potatoes tomatoes, and tobacco. America received sugar
cane, bluegrasses, pigs, horses, the wheel, iron implements, guns, and most importantly
diseases.
triangular trade Correct-In the 17th century New England merchant ships would follow a
triangle route. Starting from a New England port they would carry rum across the Atlantic to
West African. There the rum would be traded for hundreds of African slaves. Next, the ship
would sale to the West Indies (Caribbean), trade the slaves, and take on a cargo of sugar cane.
The last part of the journey, they would return to a New England port and sell the sugarcane,
which was used to make rum.
, Exam- AMSCO APUSH Chapter 1-15(AMSCO United
States History 2015 Edition, Chapter 1 – 5)
Middle Passage Correct-Voyage from West Africa to the West Indies. It was miserable for
the slaves transported and many died.
mercantilism Correct-In the 17th century (1600s) most European kingdoms adopted the
economic policy of mercantilism. Under mercantilism, colonies were to provide raw materials
to the parent country for the growth and profit of the parent countries industries. Colonies
existed only to enrich the parent country. Spain and France had applied mercantilistic policies
with their colonies from the beginning, but England began to apply mercantilistic policies in
the mid 17th century.
Jamestown (cooperation, conflict, identity, leaders, failures, success, reasons for settling)
Correct-In 1607, the first permanent English colony in America was founded at this
location. The Virginia Company, was a a joint-stock company chartered by England's King
James I. The settlement was located in a swampy area which resulted in fatal outbreaks of
malaria and dysentery. Many of the settlers were not accustomed to farming and hunting.
Trade with the American Indians was important to the settlement and conflicts would halt
trade and settlers went hungry. By 1624, the Virginia colony was near collapse, so King James I
took direct control and turned it into England's first royal colony.
, Exam- AMSCO APUSH Chapter 1-15(AMSCO United
States History 2015 Edition, Chapter 1 – 5)
indentured servitude Correct-Young people from England under contract with a master
who paid for their passage. Worked for a specified period for room and board, then they were
free.
Plymouth Colony (cooperation, conflict, identity) Correct-This colony was started by the
Pilgrims at Plymouth (Massachusetts). Originally known as Separatists, they wanted to
organize a church separate from the Church of England. Several hundred of them left England
and moved to Holland. In Holland they experienced economic hardship and cultural
differences. In 1620, they sailed aboard the Mayflower to Plymouth. In the first winter nearly
half of them perished. They were eventually helped by friendly American Indians and
celebrated the first Thanksgiving in 1621.
Massachusetts Bay Colony (cooperation, conflict, identity, leaders, failures, success, reasons
for settling) Correct-In 1630, John Winthrop led about a thousand Puritans to America to
found Boston and other towns, as the Massachusetts Bay Company, a royal charter colony.
They were called Puritans because they were moderated dissenters, that believed the Church
of England should be purified. They originally came to America for religious freedom.
However, in the 1630s, a civil war in England drove nearly 15,000 settlers to the
Massachusetts Bay Colony, in the Great Migration.
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