MLSC 4341 Exam 1 Questions & Answers 2024/2025
What is respiration? - ANSWERS-Process organisms use to make energy (ATP)
-Convert energy found in O2 or inorganic molecules to make ATP
What are aerobic organisms (O2)? - ANSWERS-Use O2 during respiration
-Grow in ambient (room) air
What...
What is respiration? - ANSWERS-Process organisms use to make energy (ATP)
-Convert energy found in O2 or inorganic molecules to make ATP
What are aerobic organisms (O2)? - ANSWERS-Use O2 during respiration
-Grow in ambient (room) air
What are anaerobic organisms? - ANSWERS-Use inorganic molecule (often N2) during respiration
-Intolerant of O2
What is an obligate aerobe? - ANSWERS-Must use O2
-No oxygen means not living
What is a facultative anaerobe? - ANSWERS-Capable of adaptive behavior
-Can grow in the presence or absence of O2
What is a microaerophile? - ANSWERS-Grow best at decreased O2 and increased CO2
-Need some oxygen but not nearly as much
-Need increase in amount of CO2
What is a capnophilic organism? - ANSWERS-Require increased (5-10%) CO2
-Does not grow in oxygen or ambient (room) air
What is an aerotolerant anaerobe? - ANSWERS-Scant growth in room air or increased CO2 (not a lot of
growth in either of these conditions)
-Grows best in an anaerobic jar
,What is an obligate anaerobe? - ANSWERS-Cannot tolerate ANY oxygen
-Grows best in an anaerobic jar
What is an anaerobic chamber/glove box? - ANSWERS-A chamber with an incubator that is attached to
N2 and mixed gas tanks
-Plates are exchanged in a chamber that gets flushed with N2 and mixed gases
-Achieve conditions within minutes and can work directly inside
-Not used as much anymore
What is the Gas-Pak anaerobic jar? - ANSWERS-Envelope system that removes O2 by the production of
H2 and CO2
-Requires up to 2 hours to achieve anaerobic conditions and must work on the cultures in a normal
atmosphere
-More common than a chamber
What are the two indicators that can be used in the Gas-Pak anaerobic jar? - ANSWERS-Methylene blue
-Resazurin
What is the color system of the methylene blue indicator in the Gas-Pak anaerobic jar? - ANSWERS-
White is anaerobic
-Blue is aerobic
What is the color system of the resazurin indicator in the Gas-Pak anaerobic jar? - ANSWERS-Pink is
aerobic
-Clear is anaerobic
What is the Anaerobic-Pack/Waterless gas-generating system? - ANSWERS-Single use disposable packets
that do not use catalysts or water
-Once packet is removed from foil pouch, it must be placed in jar within 1 minute
-O2 is quickly absorbed with the formation of CO2
, What is the Anoxomat system? - ANSWERS-Uses 3 cycles to flush jar
-Can make anaerobic conditions in 1-3 minutes and microaerophilic in 20 seconds
-Rechargable catalyst
-Makes a gas mixture of 10% CO2, 5% H2, and 85% N2
What are the three ways to achieve capnophilic conditions? - ANSWERS-CO2 incubator (5-10%)
-CO2 packs (5%)
-Candle jar (3%)
How do microbes reproduce? - ANSWERS-Binary fission
How does binary fission take place? - ANSWERS-Cell elongates
-DNA is replicated
-Cell wall and membrane grow inward
-In-growing cell walls meet
-Formation of 2 identical daughter cells
What are the mechanisms of transferring DNA from one organism to another? - ANSWERS-
Transformation
-Conjugation
-Transduction
What is transformation? - ANSWERS-Free DNA fragments from dead organisms enter a related species
across the cell wall
-DNA fragments are exchanged for a piece of the recipient's DNA
What is transduction? - ANSWERS-DNA is transferred from one cell to another by a bacteriophage
(bacterial virus)
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Bensuda. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $10.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
