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NSG 222 Family Nursing Exam 1 with correct answers
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NSG 222 Family Nursing Exam 1 with correct answers
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NSG 222 Family Nursing Exam 1 withcorrect answers
zygotic stage - ANSWERS✔✔fertilization of sperm and egg through the second week
Blastocyst stage - ANSWERS✔✔zygote divides into a solid ball of cells which attaches to the uterus
Embryonic stage - ANSWERS✔✔major organs and structures begin to emerge by end of the second
week through the eighth week
fetal stage - ANSWERS✔✔differentiation and structures specialize by end of the eighth week until
birth
fertilization - ANSWERS✔✔fusing of ovum and sperm, which is the starting point of pregnancy
in the outer third of the ampulla of the fallopian tube - ANSWERS✔✔where does fertilization take
place?
what does the inner surface of the blastocyst become? - ANSWERS✔✔the embryo and amnion
what does the outer layer of the blastocyst become? - ANSWERS✔✔trophoblast
this develops into one of the embryonic membranes, the chorion, and helps to form the placenta
where is the best place for implantation? - ANSWERS✔✔the fundus or upper part of the uterus
there is a rich blood supply in this area
implantation - ANSWERS✔✔complex interaction between the trophoblasts and the maternal
decidua. Medically a pregnancy has not happened if implantation has not happened
,ectoderm - ANSWERS✔✔forms the central nervous system, special senses, skin and glands
mesoderm - ANSWERS✔✔forms the skeletal, urinary, circulatory, and reproductive organs
Endoderm - ANSWERS✔✔forms the respiratory system, liver, pancreas, and digestive system
amniotic fluid sources - ANSWERS✔✔fluid transported from the maternal blood across the amnion
and fetal urine
amniotic fluid function - ANSWERS✔✔- maintain constant body temperature
- permit symmetric growth and development
- cushion the fetus from trauma
- keeps the umbilical cord free of compression
- promotes fetal movement to enhance musculoskeletal development
Oligohydramnios - ANSWERS✔✔too little amniotic fluid (<500 mL at term)
cause of Oligohydramnios - ANSWERS✔✔uteroplacental insufficiency
fetal renal abnormalities
higher risk of surgical birth and low-birth-weight infants
Hydramnios - ANSWERS✔✔too much amniotic fluid (>2,000 mL at term)
may threaten premature rupture of membranes due to uterine over-distention
Hydramnios is associated with - ANSWERS✔✔maternal diabetes
neural tube defects
chromosomal deviations
malformations of the central nervous system and/or GI tract
,Chorionic gonadotropin (CG) - ANSWERS✔✔preserves the corpus luteum and its progesterone
production so that the endometrial lining of the uterus is maintained; this is the basis for pregnancy
tests
Prolactin - ANSWERS✔✔mediates maternal metabolic adaptations to pregnancy by regulating
insulin production and sensitivity; and plays an important role in lactation
Human placental lactogen (hPL) - ANSWERS✔✔modulates fetal and maternal metabolism,
participates in the development of maternal breasts for lactation, and decreases maternal insulin
sensitivity to increase its availability for fetal nutrition
Estrogen (estriol) - ANSWERS✔✔causes enlargement of a woman's breasts, uterus, and external
genitalia; stimulates myometrial contractility
Progesterone (progestin) - ANSWERS✔✔maintains the endometrium, decreases the contractility of
the uterus, stimulates maternal metabolism and breast development, provides nourishment for the
early conceptus
relaxin - ANSWERS✔✔is a potent vasodilator and regulates maternal hemodynamics. It acts
synergistically with progesterone to maintain pregnancy, causes relaxation of the pelvic ligaments,
softens the cervix in preparation for birth
what can cause harm to the embryo during the embryonic stage - ANSWERS✔✔- teratogens
(substances that cause birth defects, such as alcohol and drugs)
- infections (rubella or cytomegalovirus)
- radiation
- nutritional deficiencies
function of shunts - ANSWERS✔✔direct oxygen-rich venous blood to the systemic circulation and
to ensure that oxygen-depleted venous blood bypasses the underdeveloped pulmonary circulation
, development during weeks 21-24 - ANSWERS✔✔- eyebrows and eyelashes
- hand grasp and startle reflex
- alveoli in the lungs
- skin is translucent and red
- surfactant in the lungs
development during weeks 29-32 - ANSWERS✔✔- rapid increase in body fat
- increased central nervous system control over body
- rhythmic breathing occurs
- fetus stores iron, calcium, and phosphorus
development during weeks 25-28 - ANSWERS✔✔- reaches 15 inches in length
- rapid brain development
- eyelids open and close
- nervous system controls some functions
- fingerprints are set
- blood formation shifts from spleen to bone marrow
- assumes head-down position
development during weeks 33-38 - ANSWERS✔✔- testes in scrotum of male
- lanugo begins to disappear
- increase in body fat
- fingernails reach fingertips
- small breast buds in both sexes
- mother supplies fetus w/ antibodies against disease
- considered full term at 38 weeks
- fetus fills uterus
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