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Nur 213 Diabetes: Questions With Accurate Answers
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Nur 213 Diabetes: Questions With Accurate Answers
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Nur 213 Diabetes: Questions With Accurate AnswersWhat are the functions of the pancreas Right Ans - Pancreas is the main
gland in the endocrine system. It make a lot of digestive enzymes. Lowers
blood sugar. secretes hormones that controls glucose levels. The beta cells
secrete insulin which promote glucose uptake into the cells. The pancreas
increases glycogen synthesis. It also increases protein synthesis. It facilitates
transport of glucose into skeletal muscle and adipose tissue.
What is Negative feedback with insulin secretion? Right Ans - -increase in
blood sugar
-increase in insulin from beta cells.
increase of glucose into the cells, and then decrease in blood sugar and a
decrease in insulin secretion
What is the islet of Langerhands? Right Ans - Islet of langerhans secrete
glucagon from the alpha cells on the pancreas. Islet of Langerhands is secreted
when the blood sugar gets too low, and it raised blood sugar back to normal
levels.
What is glucagon? Right Ans - glucagon is secreted from the alpha cells in
the pancreas. Glucagon is only secreted with the blood glucose levels drop
really low. This helps raise the blood sugar to a normal level. This glucagon is
secreted in between meals, or periods of fasting. Glucagon initiates
glycogenolysis (breakdown of liver glycogen) so that the blood glucose levels
increase. Increases the transport of amino acids into the liver and stimulates
their conversion into glucose
What is glycogenolysis Right Ans - glycogenolysis-when the pancreas
releases glucagon it causes the breaking down of the glycogen in the liver to
raise the blood glucose levels
what is gluconeogenesis Right Ans - the pancreas released glucagon so that
this increased the transport of amino acids to the liver and that stimulates
conversion of glucose
, What is Diabetes mellitus? Right Ans - group of metabolic diseases-
hyperglycemia. defects in insulin, glucose doesn't go into the fat and muscle
cells so the body breaksdown fat and proteins to generate fuel for the body.
When is type 1 usually detected? Right Ans - When 80% of beta cells are
damaged
What are some of the diagnostic tests to test for diabetes? Right Ans -
Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c)> 6.5%, Fasting Plamsa Glucose (FPG/ FBS)
> 126, 3 hour blood glucose levels during oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)
75 g oral glucose load > 200 mg/dl, random glucose in person with symptoms
>200 mg/dl
what is the glycosylated hemoglobin test Right Ans - the glycosylated
hemoglobin test is a great test because the glucose stays attached to the
hemoglobin for up to 4 months and you can tell if the blood sugars been high
based on the amount of glucose on that hemoglobin. If its more than 6.5% of
glucose on the hemoglobin then you have had high sugar levels. HbA1c >6.5%
of glucose on the hemoglobin
What is the fasting plasma glucose test? Right Ans - you fast and check the
blood sugar levels (FPG, FBS) if the blood sugar after fasting is more than 126
mg/dl
Oral Glucose Tolerance Test Right Ans - OGTT- give your patient 75%
glucose and then check their glucose levels afterward. If they are over >200
mg/dl 2 hours then they are hyperglycemic
What is the random person glucose test? Right Ans - If you take a random
person and take their glucose levels, if they are over 200 then they are HG.
What is Type 1 diabetes? Right Ans - Insulin deficient, beta cells are
destroyed. Autoimmune disease where the T-mediated cells destroy the beta
cells and they lose function. Juvenile diabetes or insulin dependent diabetes.
You will need insulin forever.
GLucagon? Right Ans - Glucagon is normally decreased by insulin but in
hypoinsulinemia it is increased to raise the blood glucose. produced by alpha
cells of the islets. Glucagon works in the liver to increase blood
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