NP235 Unit 5 Hematology
●chronic leukemia's are often asymptomatic
●the disease is detected during a regular physical examination and routine CBC.
●fever, malaise, frequent or persistent infections (sore throat, flu, etc.), swollen lymph nodes,
enlarged spleen, bone pain, weight loss, and easy bleeding or thrombosis. - ANS-What are
some s/s of Leukemia?
act to depress the bone marrow, which inevitably causes a reduced supply of blood cells. -
ANS-What are some side effects of taking antineoplastic drugs?
BLEEDING!
Easy or excessive bruising (purpura)
Superficial bleeding into the skin that appears as a rash of pinpoint-sized reddish-purple spots
(petechiae), usually on the lower legs
Prolonged bleeding from cuts
Bleeding from the gums or nose
Blood in urine or stools
Unusually heavy menstrual flows
Fatigue
Enlarged spleen
Jaundice - ANS-What is the nurses greatest concern when the patient has low platelets?
the patient will have a low blood platelet count. Platelets (thrombocytes) are colorless blood
cells that help blood clot - ANS-What is thrombocytopenia?
Fatigue
Weakness
Pale or yellowish skin
Irregular heartbeats
Shortness of breath
Dizziness or lightheadedness
Chest pain
Cold hands and feet
Headache
At first, anemia can be so mild that it goes unnoticed. But symptoms worsen as anemia
worsens.
THERE ARE 4 TYPES - ANS-What are indicators for a patient with anemia?
, ●General feelings of fatigue
●Inflammation or swelling of hands/ feet (Hand and Foot syndrome)
●Leg ulcers
●Lung and Heart injury
●Pain crises (bone infarction)
●Spleen sequestration (sickled cells are entrapped in the spleen)
●Eye damage
Bacterial infection - ANS-What are some s/s of sickle cell anemia?
Painful swelling of the hands and feet related to bone infarction from the sickled cells (hand-foot
syndrome) may occur. - ANS-What is hand-foot syndrome?
they are brought on by medical treatment.
Bone marrow suppression, which interferes with the production of blood cells
Interference with normal cell function
Destruction of the blood cells by cytotoxic
Destruction of cells by a transfusion reaction of mismatched blood - ANS-what is iatrogenic
blood disorder?
Blood products are always checked by two nurses before administration.
An LPN who is not qualified to transfuse blood may be asked to assist in checking the blood
with the RN and to help monitor the patient during the infusion. - ANS-What is the role of the
LPN during a blood transfusion?
iron
vitamin C helps with absorption - ANS-Clients with anemia need to take food rich in what?
vein leaks slowly and steadily and is dark red. - ANS-what does venous blood look like?
flows in spurts and is bright red - ANS-What does arterial blood look like
●include blood transfusions to boost levels of red blood cells. Patients may need a bone marrow
transplant if their bone marrow is diseased and can't make healthy blood cells.
Prevention of hemorrhage and infection is a top priority. Psychological support of the patient and
family is important when they are faced with this life-threatening condition. - ANS-What is the
treatment of Aplastic anemia?
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