OAE - 004 Assessment of Professional Knowledge PK-12.pdf file:///C:/Users/HP/Desktop/TYPA%20NEW/OAE%20-%20004%20A
OAE - 004 Assessment of Professional Knowledge
PK-12
1. Sigmund Frued's theory of Human Development
ANS id, ego, and superego -psychosexual developmental stages Freud found occurred in
children
2. Ego
ANS The ego presents itself in the child's anal stage, a sense of self and identity
3. ID
ANS impulses that are either recognized or suppressed (in elementary the ID issurpassed for
social reasons in schools)
4. Superego
ANS The conscious - governs the ego and the ID
5. Freud stages (1-3)
ANS anal stage
6. Freud stages (3-5)
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,OAE - 004 Assessment of Professional Knowledge PK-12.pdf file:///C:/Users/HP/Desktop/TYPA%20NEW/OAE%20-%20004%20A
ANS phallic stage
7. Freud stages (elementary age)
ANS latency
8. Freud stages (school-age)
ANS genital stage - in puberty it begins, and continuesthrough person's life
9. Freud's beliefs on development of personality
ANS People have their personalityformed around puberty and doesn't change for the rest of their
life. Major life events,nursing, toilet training, sexual drives, puberty
10. Erik Erikson early childhood years main focus of personality
ANS Psycho-so-cial, focused on personal self image and social interactions - conflicts must be
resolved at each of his stages. People are developing all throughout their life.
11. Autonomy vs Shame (stage 1)
ANS Toddlers; successful in toilet training, feelautonomy
12. Initiative vs. Guilt (stage 2)
ANS Preschoolers; Children who succeed in interactingwith and manipulating their environments
develop a sense of purpose, if children fail,they develop guilt from disapproval of their
exploration
13. Industry vs. Inferiority (stage 3)
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,OAE - 004 Assessment of Professional Knowledge PK-12.pdf file:///C:/Users/HP/Desktop/TYPA%20NEW/OAE%20-%20004%20A
ANS School age; Successful children cope withnew academic and social requirements
14. Identity vs. Role Confusion (stage 4)
ANS Adolescent; social relationships are thefocus of this stage - if successful, teenagers find their
true selves and their roles, ifnot, poor self-image and weak roles
15. Intimacy vs. Isolation
ANS Young adults; loving relationships are the focus of thisstage, successful individuals
develop strong relationships and those who fail feel isolation and loneliness.
16. Albert Bandura and social learning theory (reciprocal determinism)
ANS 'Vic- arious' or 'observational learning' by watching others, instead of having to directly
experience something.He believes in reciprocal determinism, meaning we can learnform others
like they can learn from watching us.
17. Jerome Bruner - Constructivist
ANS children construct their own learning by inter-acting with others - inventing our own
cultures and realities (provide autonomous learners)
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18. model of spiral curriculum by Bruner (3)
ANS Inactive representation (physicalmuscle memory), Iconic Representation, visual images,
and Symbolic -storage ofinformation symbolically (words, numbers, etc).
19. Bruner // Scaffolding
ANS Scaffolding - temporary, gradually withdrawn supportmatching student needs
20. John Dewey and the social reform movement
ANS He found importance in this movement, and transferred his beliefs of this movement to
education and how he viewed teachers.Teacher are to prepare students whole well being, and
knowledgebased, not just limited skills for specific jobs.
21. John Dewey believed
ANS He believed students should learn to be independent aswell as Bruner,and that students
should learn as much content as they do as to becontributing members in society
22. Dewey // learning by doing
ANS Students need to be part of a democratic system,UNLIKE teachers with all the power and
instructing students without student involve-ment
23. Jean Piaget // Cognitive Development
ANS Cognitive development stemmed fromstudents being 'little scientist' from a young age, and
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