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2024 PEDS HESI PRACTICE TEST EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
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2024 PEDS HESI PRACTICE TEST EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
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2024 PEDS HESI PRACTICE TESTEXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
The nurse is assessing a 2-year-old. What behavior indicates that the child's
language development is within normal limits? - CORRECT ANSWERS-Half of
child's speech is understandable.
Rationale:
Between approximately 15 and 24 months of age, a child's speech is only
half understandable. A child can begin counting and name colors usually
between 3 and 5 years of age. And a child is capable of two - four word
sentences between 18 months to 24 months of age.
When taking the health history of a child, the nurse knows that which finding
is an early indication of hypothyroidism in children? - CORRECT ANSWERS-
Cessation of growth in a child that had been normal.
Rationale:
Since the thyroid gland is responsible for metabolism, cessation of growth
which was previously within normal range, is the most common sign for
hypothyroidism in children.
Which measurements should be used to accurately calculate a pediatric
medication dosage? (Select all that apply.) - CORRECT ANSWERS-1. Child's
height and weight.
2. Nomogram determined mathematical constant.
Rationale:
The most accurate calculations of pediatric dosages use the child's height
and weight. The child's BSA is calculated using the square root of weight in
kg times height in cm divided by 3600 or the square root of weight in pounds
times height in inches divided by 3131, then the child's BSA is multiplied by
the recommended published dose per BSA. The nomogram is used to plot
the child's height and weight, and the point at which they intersect is the
BSA mathematical constant used to calculate the child's dose.
The mother of a preschool-aged child asks the nurse if it is all right to
administer bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto Bismol, Bismylate) to her son when
he "has a tummy ache." After reminding the mother to check the label of all
over-the-counter drugs for the presence of aspirin, which instruction should
,the nurse include when replying to this mother's question? - CORRECT
ANSWERS-Do not give if the child has chickenpox, the flu, or any other viral
illness.
Rationale:
Pepto Bismol, Bismylate contains subsalicylate and if used in the presence of
a viral illness, there is the potential of developing Reye's syndrome, a
sometimes fatal condition for children.
As part of the physical assessment of children, the nurse observes and
palpates the fontanels. Which child's fontanel finding should be reported to
the healthcare provider? - CORRECT ANSWERS-A 6-month-old with failure to
thrive that has a closed anterior fontanel.
Rationale:
At six months of age the anterior fontanel should be open, and it should not
be closed until approximately 18 months of age. Premature closure of the
fontanels is a condition called "craniosynostosis". The only treatment for this
condition is surgery to reopen the fontanels, to allow and accommodate the
infant's growing brain, otherwise if not surgical corrected, the infant will
suffer severe neurological damage.
The nurse must prevent a 2-year-old with severe eczema on the face, neck,
and scalp from scratching the affected areas. Which nursing intervention is
most effective in preventing further excoriation due to the pruritis? -
CORRECT ANSWERS-Place elbow restraints on the child's arms.
Rationale:
Elbow restraints prevent arm flexion and the ability to reach to scratch the
involved areas, but do not inhibit use of the hands for play activities.
The nurse observes a 4-year-old boy in a daycare setting. Which behavior
should the nurse consider normal for this child? - CORRECT ANSWERS-
Demonstrates aggressiveness by boasting when telling a story.
Rationale:
Four-year-old children are aggressive in their behavior and enjoy "tale
telling"
The clinic nurse is taking the history for a new 6-month-old client. The
mother reports that she took a great deal of aspirin while pregnant. Which
assessment should the nurse obtain? - CORRECT ANSWERS-Type of reaction
to loud noises.
Rationale:
,Ototoxicity diminishes hearing acuity and causes symptoms of tinnitus and
vertigo in older children who can express subjective symptoms, so assessing
an infant's reaction to loud noises helps to determine an infant's risk for a
hearing deficit related to a history of the mother taking an ototoxic drug,
such as aspirin, while pregnant.
When evaluating the effectiveness of interventions to improve the nutritional
status of an infant with gastro-esophageal reflux, which intervention is most
important for the nurse to implement? - CORRECT ANSWERS-Record weight
daily.
Rationale:
The most definitive measure of improved nutrition in an infant is obtaining
the infant's daily weight at the same time and ideally using the same scale
and the infant fully naked.
At 8 a.m. the unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) informs the charge nurse
that a female adolescent client with acute glomerulonephritis has a blood
pressure of 210/110. The 4 a.m. blood pressure reading was 170/88. The
client reports to the UAP that she is upset because her boyfriend did not visit
last night. What action should the nurse take first? - CORRECT ANSWERS-
Administer PRN prescription of nifedipine (Procardia) sublingually.
Rationale:
After the nurse has verified the client's elevated blood pressure, the
sublingual Procardia should be administered first because it lowers the blood
pressure very quickly, before implementing any of the other interventions.
What preoperative nursing intervention should be included in the plan of
care for an infant with pyloric stenosis? - CORRECT ANSWERS-Observe for
projectile vomiting.
Rationale:
In pyloric stenosis, the valve between stomach and small intestine enlarges
blocking the passage of food. The nurse needs to ensure suctioning
equipment is closed by to help prevent aspiration from the projectile
vomiting episodes and monitor for the state of metabolic alkalosis, which is a
classic sign of pyloric stenosis.
The nurse is teaching a 12-year-old male adolescent and his family about
taking injections of growth hormone for idiopathic hypopituitarism. Which
adverse symptoms, commonly associated with growth hormone therapy,
should the nurse plan to describe to the child and his family? - CORRECT
ANSWERS-Polyuria and polydipsia.
, Rationale:
Signs and symptoms of diabetes or hyperglycemia need to be reported.
Clients who are receiving growth hormones should be monitored to detect
elevated blood sugars and glucose intolerance.
Which finding in a 19-year-old female client should trigger further
assessment by the nurse? - CORRECT ANSWERS-Menstruation has not
occurred.
Rationale:
Menstruation is an expected secondary sex characteristic that occurs with
pubescence and typically occurs between the ages of 10 to 17, so the fact
the client is 18 years old and has not experience menarche, should prompt
further investigation to determine the cause of this primary amenorrhea.
During administration of a blood transfusion, a child complains of chills,
headache, and nausea. Which action should the nurse implement? -
CORRECT ANSWERS-Stop the infusion immediately and notify the healthcare
provider.
Rationale:
The child is exhibiting signs of a reaction to the blood transfusion. The blood
transfusion should be stopped immediately and the healthcare provider
notified.
The nurse is assessing a 13-year-old girl with suspected hyperthyroidism.
Which question is most important for the nurse to ask her during the
admission interview? - CORRECT ANSWERS-"Are you experiencing any type
of nervousness?"
Rationale:
Assessing the client's psychophysiologic state upon admission is a priority,
and nervousness, apprehension, hyperexcitability, and palpitations are signs
of hyperthyroidism. Weight loss (even with a hearty appetite) occurs in those
with hyperthyroidism, but assessing the client's neurological state has a
higher priority.
A child is rescued from a burning house and brought to the emergency room
with partial-thickness burns on the face and chest. Which action should the
nurse implemented first? - CORRECT ANSWERS-Assess the child's respiratory
status.
Rationale:
Assessing the airway and the respiratory status is the highest priority since
burns to the face and chest place the child at risk for smoke inhalation injury
and compromised airway.
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