CNRN WEEK 1 NEUROLOGICAL
ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY, &
ASSESSMENT REVIEW QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS WITH SOLUTIONS 2024
How many cranial bones are there? Name them - ANSWER 8 Cranial Bones
What are the thickest cranial bones? - ANSWER Frontal and Occipital
What is the Monroe-Kellie Hypothesis? - ANSWER - The skull is a fixed box
- Made of 3 components
- Brain (80%)
- CSF (10%)
- Blood (10%)
- It maintained homeostasis - Meaning that an increase in one needs to decrease one or two of the
other.
What are the 3 components of the meninges? - ANSWER Dura mater
Arachnoid mater
Pia mater
Dura Mater - ANSWER - Thickest
- Outer layer lining skull
- Non elastic
- Under the bone
,- Vascular
Arachnoid Mater - ANSWER - Middle layer
- Subarachnoid space
- Consist of blood vessels and CSF
- Arachnoid villi - reabsorb CSF
- None vascular
Pia Mater - ANSWER - Innermost layer
- Adheres to the brain
- Choroid plexus - produces CSF
- Vascular
- Thicker in spine
Cerebral Spinal Fluid (CSF) - ANSWER - Functions as a cushion
- Produced by choroid plexus
- Absorbed by arachnoid villi and dumped back into circulation via venous sinuses
How much CSF is produced daily? And where is it produced? - ANSWER 500 mL produced
Produced by the choroid plexus
What is the CSF flow pathway? - ANSWER - Foramen of monro
- 3rd ventricle
- Cerebral Aqueduct
- 4th ventricle
- Out through subarachnoid space
- Down into spinal arachnoid space
, Gray Matter - ANSWER Cell bodies
Unmyelinated
Where synapsis occur
Thinking area of the brain - Cognition, memory, through and personality
95% of oxygen in the brain goes through here
Alcoholics and smokers have decrease in this type of matter due to atrophy
White Matter - ANSWER Neurons
Myelinated
Network of fibers that enable the gray matter of the brain to communicate with each other
Corpus Collosum - ANSWER Relays information between the right and left hemispheres
Only connection point
Thick band of nerve fibers
Primary function is to integrate motor, sensory, and cognition from on side to the other.
Allows for seizures to travel from one side of the brain to the other
Frontal Lobe - ANSWER - Characteristics:
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