UPTP Exam 4 1. The Five D's of Security Deny, Deter, Delay, Detect, Defend 2. The Five D's of Security An effective physical security program re- lies upon multiple layers of security. The lay- ers must provide comprehensive security in support of common goals. 3. Deny The objective is to keep threat actors out, while allowing authorized persons to enter. This is achieved through a variety of means using both personnel and equipment. 4. Deter To persuade the threat actor to avoid at - tempting a breach of a facility's perimeter or other controlled areas. This should be accomplished as far from the facility as pos- sible and is often a combination of physical security apparatus and personnel. 5. Delay The objective is to slow down a threat actor long enough to allow the law en- forcement/security officer (Officer) response forces to engage the threat. 6. Detect The objective is to detect possible threat actors as they attempt to breach a facility's perimeter or other controlled areas, thus al- lowing for an effective officer response. 7. Defend The objective is to provide an effective offi- cer response that prevents the threat actor from engaging the protected assets. 8. Federal Security Levels (FSL) Federal facilities require protection in order to ensure steady -state operations are main - tained. The level of protection required is determined based upon an evaluation of the following factors: mission criticality, sym- bolism, facility population, facility size, and threats. UPTP Exam 4 9. FSL I (MINIMUM) This facility will contain administrative, direct service, or regulatory activities at a local level. The loss, theft, destruction, misuse, or compromise of activities or operations would have an insignificant impact on the defense of the United States~ or would only affect defense missions on a regional level. 10. FSL-1 Simple physical barriers designed to IM- PEDE unauthorized external activity. 11. FSL II (LOW) This facility will house administrative sup - port operations such as personnel, special - ized equipment, or maintains activities af - fecting the defense infrastructure of the Unit- ed States. 12. FSL-2 Simple physical barriers, designed to IM - PEDE and DETECT unauthorized external activity. Locks doors, etc. 13. FSL III (MEDIUM) Houses personnel, specialized equipment, or maintains activities affecting the tactical or operational capability for the defense of the United States. 14. FSL-3 Measures, with capabilities designed to IM - PEDE, DETECT and ASSESS unauthorized external activity such as limiting entrances, vehicle barriers, exterior lighting, etc. 15. FSL IV (HIGH) Houses personnel or specialized equipment essential to regulating national fiscal or mon- etary policy, financial markets, or other eco- nomic functions. Examples include - U.S. Department of Commerce building, FEMA Emergency Operations Center, GSA Na - tional Capitol Region headquarters, Social UPTP Exam 4 Security Administration headquarters, Cen - sus Bureau. 16. FSL-4 Measures to IMPEDE, DETECT and AS - SESS most unauthorized internal and ex - ternal activity such as VMS/CCTV, armed guards, electronic access control, etc. 17. FSL V (VERY HIGH) National leadership, seats of constitution - al branches. Houses chief officials for a branch of government. Examples include - the White House, the US Capitol building, the Supreme Court building. 18. FSL-5 Measures to IMPEDE, DETECT, ASSESS and NEUTRALIZE all unauthorized internal and external activity such as lockdown ca - pability, 24/7 security control center, etc. 19. 41 CFR Part 10274.370 stipulates that federal agencies may inspect packages, briefcases and other containers of persons entering or departing Federal property, to include vehicles. 20. Posted notice: is informing a person of some fact that he or she has a right to know and which the informer has a legal duty to communicate by posting signage in a "conspicuous" place. United States v. Bischsel. 21. Actual notice: Informing a person of some fact that he or she has a right to know and which the in - former has a legal duty to communicate by verbal notification. United States v. Bischsel. 22. Low Pressure Sodium: emit light that is yellowish, so the color rendi - tion of these lamps makes all colors appear as shades of yellow grey. Lamps are used in exterior locations and should not be used in support of VSS.
