Virtual SC Government HN All Unit Review Questions 100% Pass _____ believed that communities were mostly justly governed by the "general will" or "majority rule" of their citizens. ✔✔Rousseau _____ represent basic values of democratic political systems where freedom is preserved. ✔✔Liberty and equality _____ wrote about three "branches" of government that checked one another's power. ✔✔Montesquieu _____, an eighteenth century English philosopher, theorized that the right to rule came from the "consent of the governed." ✔✔John Locke "...But the great security agai nst a gradual concentration of the several powers in the same department, consists of giving those who administer each department, the necessary constitutional means, and personal motives, to resist encroachment of the others." Source: James Madison, Presi dent of the United States (1809 -1817), The Federalist Papers: No. 51, published February 8, 1788 In this excerpt, Madison is referring to which ONE of the following US government foundational principles? ✔✔Separation of powers "No state shall make or enf orce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any state deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal prote ction of the laws." Source: The United States Constitution, Amendment XIV, Section 1, adopted July 9, 1868 Section 1 of the 14th Amendment is known as which of the following? ✔✔Equal protection clause "The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, not prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people." Source: The United States Constitution, Amendment X, adopted December 15, 1791 Based on this excerpt, the Tenth Amendment of the United States C onstitution describes which of the following? ✔✔Reserved powers "To purchase the most health for our citizens in need at the least possible cost to the taxpayer" is the mission of which of the following? ✔✔South Carolina Department of Health and Human Services "To serve South Carolina by promoting the safety, permanency, and well -being of children and vulnerable adults, helping individuals achieve stability, and strengthening families" is the mission of which of the following? ✔✔South Carolina Department of Social Services "We hold these truths to be self -evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. That to secure these rights, governments are instituted among men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed. That whenever any form of government becomes destructive to these ends, it is the right of the people to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new government." In this e xcerpt, Jefferson is advocating for which ONE of the following principles? ✔✔Popular sovereignty 34 out of 46 South Carolina counties operature under which of the following types of county government? ✔✔Council -administrator A characteristic of the U.S. system of government that says the actions of the executive and legislative branches are subject to review and possible invalidation by the judicial branch is known as which of the following? ✔✔Judicial review A form of government where hereditary rulers, such kings and queens, have absolute powers over everybody ✔✔monarchy A fund created by Congress in 1980 to clean up hazardous waste sites is known as which of the following? ✔✔The Superfund A man was arrested for robbery. While he is talking to the pol ice, he decides that he wants an attorney. He clearly states to the police that he wants to stop talking and speak to an attorney before he answers any more questions. The police ignore him and continue interrogating him, and he becomes upset and states so mething incriminating. When a judge finds out that the man invoked his right to remain silent and to have an attorney present during questioning, and the police ignored this, the judge dismisses the case. Which of the following fundamental constitutional values of American government is reflected in the scenario? ✔✔Due process
