nigrostriatal pathway
from substantia nigra (brainstem) to striatum (muscles): Parkinson's
mesolimbic pathway
projects to nucleus accumbens (part of limbic system). Pleasure, reward, positive symptoms of
schizophrenia: Addiction, gambling
Tuberoinfundibular pathway
regulation of prolactin (acts on pituitary). Hypersexuality in mania
Dopamine
produced in substania nigra and VTA. D2 & D4 receptors most important. Elevated in the mesolimbic
pathway associated with pleasure and psychosis. Antispychotics block dopamine. travels through
mesocoritcal, mesolimbic, nigrostriatal, and tuberinfundibular pathways
Serotonin
5-HT. produced in raphe nucleus. emotion, impulses, dreams. 5HT2A receptors = atypical
antipsychotics.
Norepinephrine
produced in locus coeruleus. arousal and vigilance
GABA
inhibitory. produces calm in conjunction with benzodiazepines.
ACTH
motor control, learning, memory, sleep, and dreams. Helps with balance. Decrease in Alzheimer's
disease
hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA)
CRH, ACTH, then cortisol. Worsens with stress and depression
hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid (HPT)
TRH, TSH, T4. Hypothyroid causes depression, weight gain, slow metabolism. Hyperthyroid is
opposite.
hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal (HPG)
GnRH, FSH, LH. Malfunctions cause infertility problems.
Wernicke's area
temporal and parietal lobes; speech
amygdala
fear response.
hippocampus
memory. Make up limbic system with amydgala
HIPAA
1. education about privacy protection, 2. access to own medical records, 3. request amendment to
health information to which they object, 4. require permission for disclosure of medical issues
forensic nursing
based on crime committed and investigational aspects
correctional nursing
offender's current mental health and medical condition
research utilization process
critique, synthesize, apply, measure
internal validity
when the independent variable (treatment) caused a change in the dependent variable (outcome)
external validity
when the sample is representative of the population and the results can be generalized
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller ACADEMICAIDSTORE. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $11.09. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
