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SATA nclex Exam questions and correct answers With Rationale 2024. With Complete Solution.
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SATA nclex Exam questions and correctanswers With Rationale 2024. With Complete
Solution.
The nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a client who is undergoing cataract extraction with
intraocular
implant. Which home care measures will the nurse include in the plan? Select all that apply.
1. To avoid activities that require bending over
2. To contact the surgeon if eye scratchiness occurs
3. To place an eye shield on the surgical eye at bedtime
4. That episodes of sudden severe
pain in the eye is expected
5. To contact the surgeon if a decrease in visual acuity occurs
6. To take acetaminophen (Tylenol) for minor eye discomfort
1,3,5,6
Rationale:
After eye surgery, some scratchiness and mild eye discomfort may occur in the operative eye and is
usually relieved by mild analgesics. If the eye pain becomes severe, the client should notify the surgeon
because this may indicate hemorrhage, infection, or increased intraocular pressure. The nurse would
also
instruct the client to notify the surgeon of purulent drainage, increased redness, or any decrease in
visual
acuity. The client is instructed to place an eye shield over the operative eye at bedtime to protect the eye
from injury during sleep and to avoid activities that increase intraocular pressure such as bending over.
A nurse in a medical unit is caring for a client with heart failure. The client suddenly develops extreme
dyspnea, tachycardia, and lung crackles, and the nurse suspects pulmonary edema. The nurse
immediately
notifies the registered nurse and expects which interventions to be prescribed? Select all that apply.
1. Administering oxygen
2. Inserting a Foley catheter
3. Administering furosemide (Lasix)
4. Administering morphine sulfate intravenously
5. Transporting the client to the coronary care unit
6. Placing the client in a low Fowler's side-lying position
1,2,3,4
,Rationale:
Pulmonary edema is a life-threatening event that can result from severe heart failure. In pulmonary
edema the left ventricle fails to eject sufficient blood, and pressure increases in the lungs because of the
accumulated blood. Oxygen is always prescribed, and the client is placed in a high Fowler's position to
ease the work of breathing. Furosemide, a rapid-acting diuretic, will eliminate accumulated fluid. A Foley
catheter is inserted to accurately measure output. Intravenously administered morphine sulfate reduces
venous return (preload), decreases anxiety, and reduces the work of breathing. Transporting the client to
the coronary care unit is not a priority intervention. In fact, this may not be necessary at all if the client's
response to treatment is successful
A nurse is caring for an infant with a diagnosis of tetralogy of Fallot. The infant suddenly becomes
cyanotic and the oxygen saturation reading drops to 60%. Choose the interventions that the nurse
should
perform. Select all that apply.
1. Call a code blue.
2. Notify the registered nurse.
3. Place the infant in a prone position.
4. Prepare to administer morphine sulfate.
5. Prepare to administer intravenous fluids.
6. Prepare to administer 100% oxygen by face mask.
2,4,5,6
Rationale:
The child who is cyanotic with oxygen saturations dropping to 60% is having a hypercyanotic episode.
Hypercyanotic episodes often occur among infants with tetralogy of Fallot, and they may occur among
infants whose heart defect includes the obstruction of pulmonary blood flow and communication
between the ventricles. If a hypercyanotic episode occurs, the infant is placed in a knee-chest position
immediately. The registered nurse is notified, who will then contact the health care provider. The knee-
chest position improves systemic arterial oxygen saturation by decreasing venous return so that smaller
amounts of highly saturated blood reach the heart. Toddlers and children squat to get into this position
and relieve chronic hypoxia. There is no reason to call a code blue unless respirations cease. Additional
interventions include administering 100% oxygen by face mask, morphine sulfate, and intravenous fluids,
as prescribed.
A client with carcinoma of the lung develops the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone
(SIADH) as a complication of the cancer. The nurse anticipates that which of the following may be
prescribed? Select all that apply.
1. Radiation
2. Chemotherapy
3. Increased fluid intake
4. Serum sodium blood levels
5. Decreased oral sodium intake
6. Medication that is antagonistic to antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
, 1,2,4,6
Rationale:
Cancer is a common cause of SIADH. In clients with SIADH, excessive amounts of water are reabsorbed
by the kidney and put into the systemic circulation. The increased water causes hyponatremia
(decreased
serum sodium levels) and some degree of fluid retention. SIADH is managed by treating the condition
and its cause, and treatment usually includes fluid restriction, increased sodium intake, and a medication
with a mechanism of action that is antagonistic to ADH. Sodium levels are monitored closely, because
hypernatremia can suddenly develop as a result of treatment. The immediate institution of appropriate
cancer therapy (usually either radiation or chemotherapy) can cause tumor regression so that ADH
synthesis and release processes return to normal.
A nurse prepares a list of home care instructions for the parents of a child who has a plaster cast
applied
to the left forearm. Choose the instructions that would be included on the list. Select all that apply.
1. Use the fingertips to lift the cast while it is drying.
2. Keep small toys and sharp objects away from the cast.
3. Use a padded ruler or another padded object to scratch the skin under the cast if it itches.
4. Place a heating pad on the lower end of the cast and over the fingers if the fingers feel cold.
5. Contact the health care provider if the child complains of numbness or tingling in the extremity.
6. Elevate the extremity on pillows for the first 24 to 48 hours after casting to prevent swelling.
2,5,6
Rationale:
While the cast is drying, the palms of the hands are used to lift the cast. If the fingertips are used,
indentations in the cast could occur and cause constant pressure on the underlying skin. Small toys and
sharp objects are kept away from the cast, and no objects (including padded objects) are placed inside of
the cast because of the risk of altered skin integrity. A heating pad is not applied to the cast or fingers.
Cold fingers could indicate neurovascular impairment, and the HCP should be notified. The extremity
is elevated to prevent swelling, and the HCP is notified immediately if any signs of neurovascular
impairment develop.
A pregnant woman has a positive history of genital herpes, but she has not had lesions during her
pregnancy. The nurse plans to provide which of the following information to the client?
1. "You will be isolated from your newborn after delivery."
2. "There is little risk to your baby during your pregnancy, birth, and after delivery."
3. "Vaginal deliveries can reduce neonatal infection risks,
even if you have an active lesion at birth."
4. "You will be evaluated at the time of delivery for herpetic genital tract lesions. If they are present, a
cesarean delivery will be needed."
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