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CBSE EXAM//NBME CBSE REAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST MEDICAL EXAMINATION// GRADED A+
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CBSE EXAM//NBME CBSE REAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST MEDICAL EXAMINATION// GRADED A+
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By: NURSING2EXAM • 6 months ago
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CBSE EXAM //NBME CBSE REAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST 2023 -2024 MEDICAL EXAMINATION// GRADED A+ 36 year old man presents with shortness of breath. Admits to extensive history of alcoholism. Experiences tingling and burning in his legs for past several weeks. PE reveals he is tachycardia, has rales bilaterally, and has bilateral pitting edema. Also ha s decreased sensation in his feet and is hypo reflexive in his lower extremities. An x -ray of his chest shows an enlarged cardiac silhouette and bilateral pulmonary congestion. - ANSWER -Vitamin B1 deficiency -- common in alcoholic and malnourished patients Brain and heart affected first Patient is experiencing BOTH dry and wet beribi Wet beribi: high -output congestive heart failure and dilated cardiomyopathy Dry beribi: peripheral neuropathy consisting of muscular atrophy and diminished sensation and re flexes (You'll see this in B12 deficiency but no wet beribi) THINK BER1B1 to remember B1 Patient could also end up suffering from Wernicke encephalopathy and Wernicke -Korsakoff syndrome What are Wernicke encephalopathy and Wernicke -Korsakoff syndrome? - ANSWER -WE: the CNS manifestation of thiamine deficiency. Nystagmus, ophthalmoplegia, and cerebellar ataxia. When the additional symptoms of confusion/psychosis and confabulation are seen, the disease is known as W -K syndrome. It is standard practice t o give thiamine before glucose to any patient with suspected thiamine deficiency to prevent Wernicke -Korsakoff Alkaptonuria - ANSWER -Absence of homogentisate oxidase - arthritis - discolored sclerae and other areas (ear cartilage) - Dark urine - spinal disc degeneration and dense calcifications possible What is the cause of "bitter almond" breath? - ANSWER -Cyanide poisoning What does cyanide inhibit? - ANSWER -Cytocrhome oxidase in the ETC What is the treatment for cyanide poisoning? - ANSWER -Amyl nitrate (oxidizes hemoglobin to methemoglobin, which stro ngly binds cyanide) 6 month old child with frequent infections and carpopedal spasm and facial spasm upon tapping - ANSWER -DiGeorge Syndrome - hypoparathyroidism and T -cell deficiency Hypocalcemia is what causes the spasms CATCH22 pneumonic: Chromosome 22, Abnormal facies, Thymic hypoplasia, Cleft palate, and Hypocalcemia Young (27 yrs old) man with lots of atherosclerotic plaques and small, raised yellow -brown lesions on extensor surfaces of arms - ANSWER -Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH)
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