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NUR2063 Final Exam Study Guide – Complete Q&A
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NUR2063 Final Exam Study Guide – Complete Q&A
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NUR2063 Final Exam Study Guide – Complete Q&AWhat is the difference between a sign and a symptom? Correct Ans -
Sign - Objective (Erythema, Edema, lesion)
Symptom - Subjective (Headache, sore, tired)
Na - Sodium Correct Ans - 136-144 mEq
Hyponatremia - anorexia, gastrointestinal upset, poor skin turgor, dry
mucous membranes, blood pressure changes, pulse changes, edema,
headache, lethargy, confusion, diminished deep tendon reflexes, muscle
weakness, seizures, and coma |
Hypernatremia - increased temperature, warm and flushed skin, dry and
sticky mucous membranes, dysphagia, increased thirst, irritability,
agitation, weakness, headache, seizures
K - Potassium Correct Ans - o 3.7-5.2 mEq |
Hypokalemia - muscle weakness, paresthesia, hyporeflexia, leg cramps,
weak and irregular pulse, hypotension, dysrhythmias, electrocardiogram
changes, decreased bowel sounds, abdominal distension, constipation,
ileus, and cardiac arrest|
Hyperkalemia - paresthesia, muscle weakness, flaccid paralysis,
bradycardia, dysrhythmias, electrocardiogram changes, cardiac arrest,
respiratory depression, abdominal cramping, nausea, and diarrhea
Mg - Magnesium Correct Ans - .8-2.5 mEq | Hypermagnesemia -
Same as hypercalcemia | Hypomagnesemia - same as hypocalcemia
Ca - Calcium Correct Ans - 4 - 5 mEq |
Hypercalcemia - dysrhythmias, electrocardiogram changes, personality
changes, confusion, decreased memory, headache, lethargy, stupor, coma,
muscle weakness, decreased deep tendon reflexes, anorexia, nausea,
vomiting, constipation, abdominal pain, pancreatitis, renal calculi, polyuria,
and dehydration |
,Hypocalcemia - dysrhythmias, electrocardiogram changes, increased
bleeding tendencies, anxiety, confusion, depression, irritability, fatigue,
lethargy, paresthesia, increased deep tendon reflexes, tremors, muscle
spasms, seizures, laryngeal spasms, increased bowel sounds, abdominal
cramping, and positive Trousseau's and Chvostek's signs
P - Phosphorus Correct Ans - .5 - 4.5 mg |
Hyperphosphatemia - dysrhythmias, electrocardiogram changes, increased
bleeding tendencies, anxiety, confusion, depression, irritability, fatigue,
lethargy, paresthesia, increased deep tendon reflexes, tremors, muscle
spasms, seizures, laryngeal spasms, increased bowel sounds, abdominal
cramping, and positive Trousseau's and Chvostek's signs
Hypophosphatemia - dysrhythmias, electrocardiogram changes,
personality changes, confusion, decreased memory, headache, lethargy,
stupor, coma, muscle weakness, decreased deep tendon reflexes, anorexia,
nausea, vomiting,
Function of ribosomes Correct Ans - Synthesizes proteins
· Hypervolemia Correct Ans - Fluid volume excess in intravascular
space
· Hypovolemia Correct Ans - Fluid volume deficit in intravascular
space
· Homeostasis Correct Ans - State of balance - reached by positive
and negative feedback - self regulated
· How does a vaccine provide immunity? Correct Ans - Active
immunity - antigen exposure
· Active immunity Correct Ans - Vaccine, or having the virus - Body
builds immunity through exposure
· Passive immunity Correct Ans - Receiving antibodies from
external source - breastfeeding
, · identify examples of malignant cells Correct Ans - Rapid growing,
metastasis, fatal, undifferentiated
· Assessment findings for localized inflammation Correct Ans -
Destroyed tissue, redness, swelling, heat, pain, function loss
o Type I: IgE mediated Correct Ans - Hay fever, food allergy,
anaphylaxis
o Type II IgM/IgG: cytotoxic hypersensitivity reaction Correct Ans -
Blood transfusion reaction, erythroblastosis fetalis
o Type III: immune complex-mediated Correct Ans - Autoimmune
conditions - Lupus
o Type IV: delayed hypersensitivity reaction Correct Ans -
Tuberculin skin testing, transplant reactions, contact dermatitis
· What findings would you expect in someone with an anaphylactic
reaction? Correct Ans - Bronchodilation, airway constriction,
Manifestations of a type 1 hypersensitivity Correct Ans - GI allergy
Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain
Skin manifestations
Urticaria (hives)
Mucosa allergens
Conjunctivitis, rhinitis, asthma
Lung allergens
Bronchospasm, edema, thick secretions
· Manifestations of fight/flight response Correct Ans - Increase HR,
increased respirations, diaphoresis, pupil dilation, increased blood flow to
muscles, strength, alertness, decreased inflammation
o Complication of compartment syndrome Correct Ans - results
from increased pressure in a compartment, usually the muscle fascia in the
case of fractures
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