CSCS EXAM PREP 2023 - 2024 4 PRACTICE
TESTS AND CSCS STUDY GUIDE BOOK FOR
THE NSCA CERTIFICATION [5TH EDITION]
Components of myofibrils
ANSWER : myosin- thick filament, with head , rsponsible for splitting ATP providing energy
for the power stroke to grab onto the actin
actin- thin filament, double helix
troponin in actinbinds with Ca2+ from SR, exposes binding site on myosin to form cross bridges
Crircular muscle structure
ANSWER : arranged in a concentric ring
Convergent muscle structure
ANSWER : broad origin leading to a fan shaped muscle, looks similar to a brush or duster
Parallell or longitudinal muscle structure
ANSWER : long fascicles parallel to the long axis of muscle, looks similar to 3 long lines
unipennnate muscle structure
ANSWER : short fascicles insert obliquely into one side of a tendon, looks similar to a comb
bipennate muscle structure
ANSWER : fascicles insert into opposite sides of a central tendon, looks similar to a pine tree
upside down
multipennate muscle structure
,ANSWER : tendon branches within a muscle, looks like multiple bipennate muscles combined
Isokinetic muscle action
ANSWER : When a muscle shortens at a constant speed over the full range of motion; a
dynamic movement that doesnt occur naturally such as dynamometers
somatic nervous system
ANSWER : the division of the peripheral nervous system that controls the body's skeletal
muscles
autonomic nervous system
ANSWER : the part of the peripheral nervous system that controls the glands and the muscles of
the internal organs (such as the heart).
Its sympathetic division arouses; fight or flight
its parasympathetic division calms; rest and digest
Summation
ANSWER : increased force of contraction by a skeletal muscle fiber when a twitch occurs
before the previous twitch relaxes
size principle
ANSWER : motor units are recruited from smallest to largest (innervate more muscle fibers)
nerve conduction
ANSWER : electrical impulse from motor neuron --> neuro muscular junction --> ACh
released, converts impulse to chemical stimulus --> creates action potential to muscle fiber
through T-tubles by releasing Ca2+ starting contraction
saggital plane (median)
ANSWER : left and right, ex. tricep pushdown, leg raise, leg curl
, frontal plane
ANSWER : Front and Back, ex. soccer dribble side to side, wide grip lateral pulldowm,
breaststroke swimming
transverse plane
ANSWER : Upper and Lower, ex. medicine ball side toss, torso machine, baseball batting,
basketball pivot
joint angle
ANSWER : relative angle between two segments
Velocity
ANSWER : rate of change of distance over time, dividing distance traveled/ amout of time to
cover distance
Force
ANSWER : F=m(a+g) g=9.81m/sxs
push or pull exerted on one object by a second one
number of cross bridges formed between actin and myosin filaments determines the amount of
force produced at any moment in time
force velocity curve
ANSWER : The inverse relationship between force and velocity and refers to a muscle's ability
to produce tension at differing contraction velocities
if an athlete is strong (high force) but not fast (low velocity), more time should be spent training
at lower force (higher velocity) to become faster
Force Time Curve
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