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FRESENIUS PCT Prep Final Exam - Questions And Answers
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FRESENIUS PCT Prep Final Exam -Questions And Answers
What do healthy kidneys remove? Correct Ans - Waste products -
creatine, urea and urimic acid, ammonia
What do healthy kidneys regulate? Correct Ans - Fluid balance, blood
volume, electrolytes and acid-base balance, synthesize calcitrol (active
vitamin D)
Is Uremia a disease? Correct Ans - No, uremia is a set of symptoms
associated with the build up of urea in the blood.
What can cause anemia? Correct Ans - RBC loss
Erythropoietin production
Shortened RBC lifespan
Decreased iron absorption
Blood loss during dialysis
Why is water used for dialysis treated? Correct Ans - Because patients
are exposed to large amounts of water during each dialysis treatment.
What is chloramines? Correct Ans - A combination of bleach and
ammonia, whereas chlorine is bleach alone.
What happens when the dialysate flow is turned off during treatment?
Correct Ans - The patients blood is not cleaned and adequacy will
decrease.
What is counter-current flow? Correct Ans - Blood and dialysate flow
in opposite directions.
What are the three types of solutions? Correct Ans - hypotonic,
hypertonic, isotonic
What is a hypotonic solution? Correct Ans - Containing less particles
, What is a isotonic solution? Correct Ans - Containing equal particles
What is a hypertonic solution? Correct Ans - Containing more
particles
What is conductivity? Correct Ans - The ability of a solution to
transmit or "conduct" an electrical current.
What is dialysate composer of? Correct Ans - Purified water (treated)
acid solution and bicarbonate solution.
Why is dextrose added to dialysate? Correct Ans - To prevent
hypoglycemia
What electrolytes are found in the dialysate? Correct Ans - Sodium
(NA+), potassium (K+), calcium (Ca++), magnesium (Mg++), and chloride (Cl-)
Name four ways dialysate is checked to ensure that it is safe? Correct Ans
- pH
Conductivity
Machine temperature
A negative residual chlorine after routine machine disinfection
Two types of machine alarms? Correct Ans - Blood related
Dialysate related
What is a blood leak? Correct Ans - Fibers have broken inside the
dialyzer. Blood has crossed from the blood compartment into the dialysate.
What is "air detected"? Correct Ans - Air or foam has been detected by
machine and machine automatically clamps off the line.
What can cause a "Venous pressure" alarm? Correct Ans - Anything
that blocks the return of the blood to the access will increase in VP
What could cause the venous pressure to go up? Correct Ans - Any
clotting from the venous chamber to the patients access.
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