Exam (elaborations)
NBME CBSE REAL EXAM/ NBME CBSE 200 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS/ NBME CBSE LATEST / Review (Recent Exam)
- Course
- Institution
NBME CBSE REAL EXAM/ NBME CBSE 200 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS/ NBME CBSE LATEST / Review (Recent Exam)
[Show more]
Content preview
NBME CBSE REAL EXAM/ NBME CBSE 200 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS/ NBME CBSE LATEST 2023 -2024 / Review (Recent Exam) Chagas Disease ---------- Correct Answer -------- Caused by Trypanosoma cruzi parasite passed in the feces of Reduviidae/kissing bug Penetrates broken skin or intact mucous membranes forming a pseudocyst releasing inflammatory infiltrates into myocytes; stains with Giemsa & Wright Romana sign occurs when portal of entry is the conjunctiva or eyelid May resulting in: Enlarged heart - CHF, sudden cardiac arrest Enlarged esophagus - difficulty swallowing Enlarged colon - abdominal pain or constipation Treat with benznidazole or nifurtimox Monocytes ---------- Correct Answer -------- cell with half -moon shaped nucleus that participates in phagocytosis Chronic graft rejection ---------- Correct Answer -------- multifactorial but typically involves arteriosclerosis HLA-B27 ---------- Correct Answer -------- PAIR: Psoriasis Ankylosing spondylitis - chronic synovitis destroying cartilage typi cally in young men Inflammatory bowel dz - Crohn's & UC Reactive Arthritis - Reactive Arthritis ---------- Correct Answer -------- Arthritis as a reaction to a bacterial infection such as Campylobacter, Chlamydia, Salmonella, Shigella, or Ureaplasma. Associated with conjunctivitis & uveitis Gaucher (Type 1) ---------- Correct Answer -------- AR Lysosomal storage disease Accumulation of sphingolipid glucocerebroside Most common Wrinkled tissue paper I Cell disease ---------- Correct Answer -------- Failure of Golgi apparatus to phosphorylate mannose 6 -phosphate the marker to export enzymes to lysosomes resulting in accumulation of lysosomal enzymes in serum Nitroblue tetrazolium test ---------- Correct Answer -------- Aqualitative test to d etermine defects in NADPH oxidase Negative: CGD Positive: Acute Hepatitis, Mono CGD (chronic granulomatous disease) ---------- Correct Answer -------- inability to produce NADPH oxidase; susceptible to Cat + organisms; elevated neutrophils w/ normal T cel l Gp91 phox subunit: heme binding subunit of superoxide generating NADPH Treat with interferon gamma Clarithromycin (macrolide) ---------- Correct Answer -------- ADR of metallic taste & GI Codeine ---------- Correct Answer -------- ADR resp. depression, euphoria, & constipation Cyclobenzaprine ---------- Correct Answer -------- Structurally similar to TCAs w/ anticholinergic side effects used for relief of muscle spasms May exacerbate glaucoma Naproxen ---------- Correct Answer -------- ADR of GI & renal (in elderly) Timolol ---------- Correct Answer -------- Used in HTN & glaucoma; ADR of bradycardia & worsening asthma Bacterial vaginosis ---------- Correct Answer -------- Sloughed mucosal cells = clue cells Trichomoniasis ---------- Correct Answ er -------- Cilated, motile trophozoites w/ corkscrew -like motility Autism ---------- Correct Answer -------- Lack of eye contact, verbal communication, & separation anxiety; repetitious behavior Emphysema ---------- Correct Answer -------- Decreased FEV 1/FVC ratio, normal FVC; TLC, FRC, & RV increase Parathyroid hormone(PTH) vs phosphate in hypercalcemia ---------- Correct Answer -------- PTH: rapid & direct Phosphate: slow & indirect ANP: ---------- Correct Answer -------- Afib, Ch -1p, NPPA gene mutat ion causing binding interference, - decrease cGMP Failure of development of 3rd or 4th pharyngeal pouches ---------- Correct Answer -------- DiGeorge syndrome (CATCH 22): truncus arteriosus & agenesis of parathyroid glands May also be associated w/ failure of thymus to develop -> T lymphocytes w/ CD3 marker Huntington disease ---------- Correct Answer -------- PCR is the most common method to est. # of CAGs Both the coding & template strands bind the forward & reverse primers on 3' end Pyrmidine Dimers ---------- Correct Answer -------- BRAF gain of function mutation causing covalant thymine (or Cystine) bonds normally repaired thru NER in the G1 phase by endonuclease recognition then excision (DNA polymerase then fills; ligase then reseals) Xeroderma pig mentosum ---------- Correct Answer -------- Mutation of NER endonuclease from UV radiation disrupting DNA replication due to the oligonucleotides remaining damaged DNA Polymerase I ---------- Correct Answer -------- Removal of both leading & lagging RNA p rimers 5' to 3' (unique) Proofreading of mismatch nucleotides via 3' to 5' exonuclease & elongation of lagging strand 5' to 3' (universal) Topoisomerase ---------- Correct Answer -------- Enzyme that functions in DNA replication, helping to relieve strain in the double helix ahead of the replication fork. Teniposide ---------- Correct Answer -------- Topoisomerase II inhibitor acting in the S phase & G2 phase: S phase: prevents proper unwinding of supercoils & reannealing of DNA G phase: Permanent breaks in both strands of DNA preventing transcription & repair inducing cell cycle arrest Cytarabine ---------- Correct Answer -------- Antimetabolite inhibiting DNA polymerase, arresting cells solely in S phase Fluoroquinolones ( -floxacin) ---------- Correct Answer -------- Bactercidal: direct inhibition of topoisomerase 2 & 4 halting DNA replication as 1st line treatment of uncomplicated pyelonephritis; older for gram negative & aerobic, newer more broad spectrum Contraindicated in LQTS with ADR of torn achilles
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller GEO888. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $17.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
72349 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now