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Summary AQA Politics - EU Essay Plans
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These essay plans include the main points and examples needed to answer nearly every question on the EU. Best supplemented with case study booklet.
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Explain and analyse three arguments for/against the UK leaving the EUFOR:
1. Sovereignty:
One of the main arguments for leaving the EU was to reclaim sovereignty. Those
who advocate for Brexit argued that membership in the EU limited the UK's ability to
make independent decisions and control its own laws and regulations.
e.g. The EU's Common Agricultural Policy meant that the UK had to comply with
regulations that were not necessarily in the country's best interests.
e.g. The European Court of Justice had the power to overrule UK laws. Leaving the
EU would give the UK more control over its own affairs and allow it to make its own
trade deals with other countries, as demonstrated by the UK's negotiation of a free
trade agreement with Australia post-Brexit.
The argument for sovereignty, for example, was criticized as being overly simplistic.
Leaving the EU does not necessarily guarantee the UK more control over its own
affairs; in fact, it may limit the UK's ability to influence EU policies and regulations.
2. Immigration:
Another argument for leaving the EU was that it would allow the UK to control its
borders and limit immigration. This argument was particularly compelling for those
who were concerned about the impact of immigration on the UK's social and
economic systems.
e.g. Many argued that the influx of low-skilled EU migrants was putting pressure on
public services such as the National Health Service.
e.g. There were concerns that EU migrants were driving down wages for UK workers
in certain industries such as construction. Leaving the EU would allow the UK to set
its own immigration policies and limit the number of people who are allowed to
enter the country, as demonstrated by the introduction of a new points-based
system for immigration.
The argument for controlling immigration was also controversial. Many experts
argued that limiting immigration would have a negative impact on the UK's economy
and social systems. Immigrants contribute significantly to the UK economy and help
to fill skills gaps in many industries.
3. Financial savings:
A third argument for leaving the EU was that it would save the UK money.
Membership in the EU required the UK to pay a significant amount of money in
membership fees, and leaving the EU would free up those funds for other purposes.
Additionally, leaving the EU would allow the UK to avoid being liable for any future
EU bailouts or financial obligations.
e.g. The UK was able to save £1.3 billion per year by not having to contribute to the
EU's budget after leaving.
However, there were also costs associated with leaving the EU, such as the need to
negotiate new trade deals and potentially losing access to the EU's single market,
which could have negative economic consequences.
Against:
, 1. Economic Consequences:
One of the main arguments against leaving the EU was the potential negative impact
on the UK's economy. Many experts argued that leaving the EU would lead to
decreased trade and investment, as well as increased economic uncertainty. This
would have a negative impact on businesses, jobs and living standards, as the UK
would lose access to the EU's single market and the benefits of free trade within the
EU.
e.g. Nissan announced in 2019 that it would not be producing its new X-Trail SUV in
the UK due to uncertainty surrounding Brexit negotiations.
e.g. The uncertainty surrounding Brexit negotiations has led to a decline in business
confidence and investment, as businesses are hesitant to invest in the UK until there
is more clarity on the country's future relationship with the EU.
While the UK was able to negotiate a free trade agreement with the EU post-Brexit,
this agreement is less comprehensive than the previous arrangements, and there are
concerns about the impact of non-tariff barriers on trade.
2. Loss of Influence:
Another argument against leaving the EU was the loss of influence that the UK would
have on the international stage. As a member of the EU, the UK had a powerful voice
in international negotiations and was able to shape the direction of EU policies.
Leaving the EU would reduce the UK's ability to influence global events and would
make it more difficult to negotiate trade deals with other countries.
e.g. The UK was not able to negotiate a trade deal with the US until after leaving the
EU, and the deal that was eventually negotiated was less comprehensive than many
had hoped.
e.g. The UK's decision to leave the EU has strained its relationship with the EU, which
has led to questions about the country's commitment to international cooperation.
The UK was not able to negotiate a trade deal with the US until after leaving the EU,
and the deal that was eventually negotiated was less comprehensive than many had
hoped.
3. Security and Cooperation:
A third argument against leaving the EU was the potential impact on security and
cooperation. The EU provided a framework for cooperation on issues such as
counterterrorism, crime and security. Leaving the EU could potentially damage these
relationships and make it more difficult to address these issues effectively.
e.g. The loss of the European Arrest Warrant could make it more difficult for UK
authorities to extradite criminals from EU countries.
e.g. The UK's decision to opt out of some EU security and defence initiatives has led
to questions about the country's commitment to international security. For instance,
the UK did not participate in the establishment of the European Public Prosecutor's
Office, which aims to combat fraud and corruption in EU funds.
While the UK has continued to cooperate with the EU on issues such as
counterterrorism and crime, there are concerns that the loss of the European Arrest
Warrant could make it more difficult to extradite criminals from EU countries.
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