NHA Exam STUDY GUIDE
Heart rates - Answer- Normal: 60-100 beats/min
Athletes (normal): ~40 beats/min
Tachycardia: > 100 beats/min
Bradycardia: < 60 beats/min
*dizziness and shortness of breath may indicate tachy and bradycardia
*measure for 1min.
Temperature - Answer- Normal: 97.6-99.6 F (36.4-37.6 C)
Fever (oral): >100 F (37.8 C)
Fever (rectal/ear): >101 F
Fever (pediatric rectal): > 100.4 F (38 C)
*most common method to measure: orally
*most accurate method to measure: rectally
Supine Position - Answer- Pt lies flat facing upward
Respiration - Answer- Normal: 12-20 breaths/min
*deviation may be due to injury or illness
*observe for pale, ashen, cyanoic, or cold skin for pts with reading out of the 12-20
breaths/min range
Systolic - Answer- Pressure in blood vessels when your heart beats (ventricles contract)
Diastolic - Answer- Pressure in blood vessels when your heart rests between beats
(ventricles relax)
Sphygmomanometer - Answer- Blood pressure cuff
*palpate brachial atery in antecubical region of arm
*center bladder of cuff over brachial artery with the tube away from pt body and bulb
close to pt body
*position cuff 1in. above bend in elbow with guage at eye level to read
*release dial slowly at 2mm/sec
*1st beat = systolic reading
*when the best stops = diastolic reading
, Dorsal Recumbent Positon - Answer- Pt lies face up with knees bent (vaginal US
position)
Fowler's Position - Answer- Pt lies on table with head of table elevated to 90*
Semi-Fowler's Position - Answer- Pt lies on table with head of table elevated at 45*
Prone position - Answer- Pt lies facedown
Sims Position - Answer- Pt lies on left side with right leg sharply bent and knees on
table (rectal exam position)
Knee-chest Position - Answer- Pt rests on knee and chest with head turned to one side
(baby pose with butt up)
Trendelenburg Position - Answer- Pt is supine with the bottom of the table elevated at
30*
Topical Administration of Meds - Answer- Applied on skin for local effect (ex. Lotion)
Transdermal Administration of Meds - Answer- Patch that transfers medication slowly
through the skin
Intramuscular, Intradermal, and Subcutaneous Administration of Medd - Answer- Must
be in sterile, liquid form
Intramuscular (IM) Injections - Answer- Insert the needle at a 90* angle
*aspirate (pull back) before administering to make sure you are not injection into a blood
vessel
Intradermal Injection - Answer- Insert the needle at a 15* angle
*administer slowly and steadily
Subcutaneous Injection - Answer- Insert the needle at a 45* angle
*abdomen, back area of the upper arm, outer area of the thighs
*aspirate before injection to observe for blood. You do NOT want to see blood
*only massage if physician told you to
Pulmonary Function Test (PFT) - Answer- Helps with diagnosis of lung disease and the
extent to which it progressed through the use of a spirometer
*no smoking and bronchodilator for 6hrs. before testing
Snellen Chart - Answer- Visual testing
*start at line 27, then move to line 26 if the pt got it correct
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