Mark Klimek NCLEX Review Questions
Primary dietary prescription for calcium nephrolithiasis (kidney stones) ? PG. 85 Ans- Low calcium diet
For client with nephrolithiasis the diet should be ___ ash Ans- Acid
If kidney stone is calcium phosphate the diet must be low in ___ too Ans- Phosphorus
Pr...
Mark Klimek NCLEX Review Questions
Primary dietary prescription for calcium nephrolithiasis (kidney stones) ? PG. 85 Ans- Low calcium diet
For client with nephrolithiasis the diet should be ___ ash Ans- Acid
If kidney stone is calcium phosphate the diet must be low in ___ too Ans- Phosphorus
Primary diet tx for uric acid nephrolithiasis is __ ____ Ans- Low purine
Client with uric acid nephrolithiasis should have a diet low in ____ Ans- Methionine
What is methionine? Ans- Precursor of the amino acid cystine
2 foods high in methionine? Ans- Eggs, milk
Clients with cystine nephrolithiasis should have an ____ ash diet Ans- Alkaline
Inc. fluids over 3000 cc /day is more effective in treating renal calculi than ANY dietary modification,
T/F? Ans- True. Want to flush tract than worry about diet
What is the common name for Laryngotracheobronchitis - LTB Ans- Croup
What is the typical temp elevation in croup? Ans- Low grade, usually below 102, but can go up to 104.
Are ATBs helpful for croup? For epiglottits? Ans- For croup, no. Epiglottitis, yes
Is croup viral or bacterial? Ans- Viral
,With which condition is croup most often confused? Ans- Epiglottitis
Can croup be managed at home? Can epiglottitis be managed at home? Ans- Yes. No, epiglottitis is a 911
emergency
Are sedatives used for kids with croup? Ans- No, bc this would mask the signs of respiratory distress
What causes epiglottitis? A virus or bacteria? Ans- H. influenza BACTERIA
What is the best tx for croup? Ans- Cool moist air
What should never be done to a child with epiglottitis? Ans- Never put anything in the child's mouth, ie,
a tongue blade can lead to obstruction
What are the typical signs and symptoms of croup? Ans- Barking cough, inspiratory stridor, labored resp.
pattern
What 3 signs tell you that the child has epiglottitis instead of croup? Ans- Muffled voice, drooling,
increased fever
When is croup bad enough to be evaluated by a doc? Ans- When retractions, and high pitched stridor
are present
What lead level needs intervention? Ans- 50-60 micrograms/ dl
With which class of drugs will a child with lead poisoning be treated? Ans- Chelating agents
What do chelating drugs do? Ans- They increase the excretion of heavy metals
The most freq. cause of lead poisoning is... Ans- Ingestion of lead-based paint chips
,Name 3 common chelating agents for lead poisoning Ans- EDTA, desferal, BAL in oil
S&S of lead poisoning Ans- Drowsiness, clumsiness, ataxia, seizures, coma, resp. arrest
Sx of lead poisoning show up in the ____ system Ans- Neuro
Leukemia is cancer of the ___ forming tissues Ans- Blood
The type of cell that is most common and problematic in leukemia is ____ Ans- Immature WBC
In leukemia the RBC count is ... Ans- Low, bc the bone marrow is going "wild" producing all those
immature WBC - no energy or nutrients to make platelets
In leukemia, the platelet count is ... Ans- Low, bc the bone marrow is going "wild" producing all those
immature WBC - no energy or nutrients to make platelets
Bc the RBCs are low, the pt will exhibit ___ and ___ Ans- Pallor and fatigue
Bc of the immature WBCs, the pt is at risk for ___ Ans- Infection
Bc of low platelets, the pt is at risk for ___, ___, and ___ Ans- Bruising, ecchymosis, bleeding, petechiae
What causes lymph gland enlargement in leukemia? Ans- All those small immature WBC clog the lymph
system
Should you take a rectal temp on a child with leukemia? Ans- No
Should you take an oral temp on a child with leukemia? Ans- Yes, as long as they are over 4 years old, in
remission, and have no sores in their mouth
, Should the child with active leukemia use straws, forks, cups? Ans- NO straws, NO forks, YES cups
RN's priority in tx a child with newly diagnosed leukemia is... Ans- Dec. risk of infection
When the leukemia child's platelets and WBC's are low, his activities should be ... Ans- Limited
When the platelet and WBCs are low the nurse should not insert a.. Ans- Suppository
Are IM injections and IV sticks permitted on a child with leukemia? Ans- When labs are low IMs avoided
and IVs limited; only done when absolutely necessary (to give chemo or measure blood counts)
Why are kids on chemo also on allopurinol Ans- To prevent uric acid kidney stones (remember when
chemo kills cancer cells, purines and uric acid build up and could cause kidney stones
Why do some kids with leukemia have joint pain? Ans- The immature WBCs infiltrate the joint and cause
inflammation
Why is a child with leukemia at risk for neuro sx due to ICP Ans- The immature WBCs infiltrate the brain
and cause inflammation
What is alopecia? Ans- Hair loss
If the platelet count is low what drug should the child not take? Ans- Aspirin
Is the alopecia from chemo permanent? Ans- No. It will grow back. (Alopecia of radiation therapy is
permanent bc the follicle is destroyed)
What does ANC mean? Ans- Absolute Neutrophil Count
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