ATI TEAS 7 English Language Study Guide, A+ Guide-Spelling:
Homograph - Word spelled the same but that have different meanings (bat, bow)
Homophone - Words pronounced the same but that have different meanings
Punctuation
• Colon - Used in introduction of a quote or lis...
Homograph - Word spelled the same but that have different meanings (bat, bow)
Homophone - Words pronounced the same but that have different meanings
Punctuation
• Colon - Used in introduction of a quote or list, ratio, and time.
• Comma- before “and” in a simple series of items (commas, colons, and...)
Sentence structures
• Adverb - Word or phrase that describes or modifies an adjective, verb, or another
adverb
• Article - Words (a and an) that refer to nouns
• Complement - Sentence part that gives more information about a subject or
object
• Conjunction - A connecting word
• Dependent Clause - A group of words that includes a subject and verb but
cannot stand alone as a complete sentence
• Independent Clause - A group of words that includes a subject and predicate
and can stand alone as a complement sentence
• Indirect Object - The person or thing to whom or which something is done
• Interjection - Words or phrases that represent short bursts of emotion
• Modifier - A word or group of words that provides description for another word
, • Object - A word or group of words that receives the action of a verb
• Predicate - The part of a sentence that explains what the subject does or is like
• Preposition - A word that describes relationships between other words
• Pronoun - A word that takes the place of a noun
• Subject - The main noun of a sentence that is doing or being
• Compound-Complex Sentence - Sentence that includes two independent and one
dependent clause
Example: “The cute, furry dog wagged its tail with joy.”
Simple subject - dog
Article and modifiers - the cute, furry dog
Simple predicate - wagged
Complete predicate and direct object - its tail
Prepositional modifier - with joy
Grammar
• Diction - The style of writing determined by word choice
• Fragment - An incomplete sentence
• Perfective - A verb for an object that has been completed
• Prescriptive grammar - Specific rules for using language and grammar
• Progressive - A verb that shows something is currently happening
• Tense - Past, present, and future times
• Transition word - Words that link or introduce ideas
• Subject-verb agreement - Matching like numbers of subjects and verbs:
singular with singular, plural with plural
• Pronoun-Antecedent agreement - Matching like numbers of pronouns and their
antecedents: singular with singular, plural with plural.
• Colloquialism - An informal word or phrase
• First person – Uses the subject pronoun “I”
• Second person - A narrative mode that addresses the reader as “you”
• Third person – Uses the subject pronoun “He, She and They”
, • Primary source – first-hand account of the event that was created at about the
time the event was occurred.
• Secondary source – created by a person who did not witness the event.
• Bibliophile – book lover
• Alter – to change
• Altar – place of sacrifice
• Clichés – overused expressions
•
Analyzed Word Parts
Affix - Letters placed at the beginning or end of a word or word part to change its meaning
• Derivation - Determining the origin of a word
• Inflection - Details of how a word is expressed to modify its tone or meaning
• Morpheme - The smallest meaningful unit in grammar
• Prefix - An affix that appears at the beginning of the word
• Root - A word to which an affix can be attached
• Suffix - An affix that appears at the end of a word
Reading
Key Ideas and Details
Summarize a complex text: What am I reading about? What is important to know about text?
• Summarize - Define main idea, highlight most important supporting details and
arguments, contains same message as original text
• Paraphrase - Rephrasing, “translates”, into own words including details
Infer the logical conclusion from a reading selection: Key Terms
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