Pharmacology Final Exam review With Grade A+ answers
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Course
Pharmacology
Institution
Pharmacology
Pharmacology Final Exam review (questions from ATI book and evolve)
The nurse recognizes that the administration of a drug influences cell physiology. What is the term for this concept? Correct Answer: Pharmacodynamics (drug impacts body)
Which incorrect statement by a new nurse indicates th...
what are the 6 drug rights for medication administration
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Pharmacology Final Exam review
(questions from ATI book and evolve)
The nurse recognizes that the administration of a drug influences cell physiology. What is the term for
this concept? Correct Answer: Pharmacodynamics (drug impacts body)
Which incorrect statement by a new nurse indicates that further study is needed? Correct Answer:
Drugs are defined as substances that have been FDA approved.
What are the three most important characteristics that any drug can have? Select all that apply Correct
Answer: -effectiveness (does it work or not)
-safety
-selectivity
Which statement best indicates that the nurse understands the meaning of pharmacokinetics? Correct
Answer: "It explains how drugs are absorbed and distributed."
What are the 4 process of pharmacokinetics? Correct Answer: -absorption
-distribution
-metabolism
-excretion
What does the nurse review when studying the impact a drug has on the body? Correct Answer: he
drug's pharmacodynamics
The nurse teaches a patient not to consume alcohol with nitroglycerin, because blood pressure often
drops significantly when nitroglycerin is taken with alcohol. Which drug property does this illustrate?
Correct Answer: Drug Interaction
Prior to administering drug X to treat a patient's high blood pressure, the nurse reviews information
about the drug. The nurse finds that it reduces blood pressure without serious harmful effects, but it
also causes the patient to have nausea and a headache. Based on this information, which property of an
ideal drug is this drug lacking? Correct Answer: selectivity (more selective a drug=less side
effects/adverse effects)
Characteristics unique to each patient can influence pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes.
What characteristics may determine the patient's response to a drug? Select all that apply. Correct
Answer: -age
-weight
-gender
-genetics
,Pharmacotherapeutics Correct Answer: how drugs produce effects, both therapeutic, and adverse
reactions, reasons and rationales
A patient is given an opioid analgesic their RR is 8, HR is 82, and BP 120/78. What nursing intervention
would you do? Correct Answer: -give naloxene to reverse opiod effects because pt's respiratory was
extremely low.
Medication error Correct Answer: can harm the patient and can be potentially fatal ( you must first
assess the patient, make sure his condition is stabilized, let a supervisor know or HCP, and file an
incident report)
If your protein(albumin) levels are low what happens to the drug in your body? Correct Answer: drug is
free in body which can lead to toxicity of drug accumulation
If two drugs are competing for the same protein receptor or other receptor what happens? Correct
Answer: -the one with the stronger affinity/dose is bound to the receptor which leads for the other drug
to move freely around the body.
What are the 6 drug rights for medication administration? Correct Answer: 1. right patient
2.right drug
3. right dose
4.right route
5. Right time
6. right documentation
7.right indication
8.right refusal
Why is it important to educate our patients about drug therapy? Correct Answer: to make sure that our
patient is compliant (patient care and patient education)
What is the nurse's role as an advocate? Correct Answer: we are the last line of defense for the patient
Preadministration assessment Correct Answer: -collecting baseline data (vitals, labs, otc meds/other
meds, PMH, allergies)
-identifying high risk patients ( liver and kidney impairment, genetic factors, drug allergies, pregnant
patients, older adults, pediatric group)
Dosage and Administration Correct Answer: -certain drugs have more than one indication
-many drugs are administered more than one route
-dosage may differ depending on route selected
-certain intravenous agents can cause severe local injury if extravasation occurs.
-read medication order carefully
-verfiy pt. identity
-read medication label carefully
-verify dosage calculations
-implement special handling of drugs may require
-do not administer any drug if you do not understand the reason for its use.
, Give the patient the following information about a drug? Correct Answer: 1.name of drug
2. dosage and schedule of adminstration
3. technique of administration
4. duration of drug use
5. storage of drug
Food and Drug Administration Correct Answer: regulates the development and sales of drugs to assure
safety and efficacy.
Stages of Research Correct Answer: a drug must pass through several stage of development before
receiving final approval to be marketed.
Stages of new development Correct Answer: 1. Preclinical testing
-test on animals
-evaluate (toxicity, pharmacokinetic properties, potentially useful biologic effect)
-*may take 1-5 years*
2. Phase I
-*tightly controlled*
-normal volunteers
- effects on humans
- evaluates drug metabolism
3. Phase II and Phase III
-tested in patients with the disease the drug is intended to treat
-duration of phases 3-6 months
-after phase III, application for conditional
-approval is made
4. *Phase IV: Postmarketing surveillance*
-conditional approval from FDA
-*usage is for the general population*
-new side effects may be discovered
-voluntary reporting by HCP is essential
Generic Name Correct Answer: -assigned by US adopted
-name council
-each drug has only one generic name
-usually long and difficult to pronounce
Trade name Correct Answer: -proprietary or brand name
-may be large in number
What helps the nurse to anticipate drug responses in a patient? Correct Answer: Knowing
pharmacology
When educating patients about their medications, the nurse should include information about which
topics? Select all that apply. Correct Answer: -adverse effects
-duration of treatment
-method of drug storage
-what to do if a dose is missed
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