Pass the Big ABA Exam-Section 8 Terms
2 Methods of Conducting a Task Analysis Assessment ans: Single Opportunity & Multiple Opportunity
2 Types of Prompts ans: Response Prompts & Stimulus Prompts
2 Types of Shaping Methods ans: Across and Within Response Topographies
2 Ways to Remove ...
Pass the Big ABA Exam-Section 8
Terms
2 Methods of Conducting a Task Analysis Assessment ans: Single Opportunity & Multiple Opportunity
2 Types of Prompts ans: Response Prompts & Stimulus Prompts
2 Types of Shaping Methods ans: Across and Within Response Topographies
2 Ways to Remove Stimulus Prompts ans: Fading & Shaping
3 Antecedent Interventions ans: Noncontingent Reinforcement, High-Probability Request Sequence and
Functional Communication Training
3 Components of Contingency Contracting ans: Behavior, Reward & Data
3 Types of Groups Contingencies ans: Interdependent, Independent & Dependent
4 Behavior Chaining Methods ans: Forward Chaining, Total-Task Chaining, Backward Chaining, and
Backward Chaining with Leap Ahead
4 Behaviors that Functionally Define Imitation ans: Formal Similarity, Model, Immediacy, and Controlled
Relation.
4 Ways to Remove Response Prompts ans: Most-to-least Prompting, Least-to-Most Prompting,
Graduated Guidance, and Delayed Prompting
5 ABA Instructional/Educational Methodologies ans: Discrete Trial Teaching, Incidental Teaching, Direct
Instruction, Precision Teaching & Personalized System of Instruction
5 Steps of Imitation Training ans: 1.) Assess & teach any prerequisite skills for imitation training.
2.) Select models for training.
3.) Pretest
4.) Sequence models for training.
5.) Implement imitation training
Antecedent Control ans: The antecedent is dependent on the consequences of behavior for developing
evocative & abative effects. Stimulus Control (Sds)=Contingency Dependent. Changes in response can be
achieved by using within or extra stimulus prompts. Example: In the presence of 2+2=?, but because of
past reinforcement history of saying 4.
, Antecedent Intervention ans: The antecedent is NOT dependent on the consequences of behavior for
developing evocative & abative effects. The antecedent itself affects behavior-consequence relations.
MOs=Contingency Independent. Strategies that alter the MOs by influencing which classes of
consequences function effectively as reinforcers. This creates an AOs because they decrease the
effectiveness of reinforcers that maintain challenging behavior. Example: Sleep deprivation can
influence the occurrences of problem behavior in the absence of a history of pairing sleep deprivation
with reinforcement or punishment of those behaviors.
Antecedent-Based Self-Management Tactics ans: Primary feature is the manipulation of events of stimuli
antecedent to the target (i.e., controlled) behavior. Ways to do this include: Manipulating MOs,
Providing Response Prompts, Performing Initial Steps of a Behavior Chain, Removing materials required
for an undesired behavior, Limiting Undesired Behavior to Restricted Stimulus Conditions, and
Dedicating a Specific Environment for a Behavior
Augmentative Communication Systems ans: This is for individuals who cannot communicate using vocal
speech, so therefore we should utilize a communication method. We must assess the individual's
current repertoire of verbal skills, along with those of his/her audience. Example: Signing, touching, or
exchanging a picture.
Backward Chaining ans: A procedure in which the trainer completes all the initial steps except for the
last step, at which point the individual is taught to complete the last step & once the individual has
mastered the last step, then he/she is required to complete the last 2 steps in order to receive
reinforcement. This continues until the learner is able to complete all the steps of the task analysis. The
first behavior the individual performs independently produces the terminal reinforcement (e.g., the
shoe is tied)
Backward Chaining with Leap Aheads ans: This is the almost the same as backward chaining, but not
every step in the task analysis is trained. Some steps are simply probed. If the step is already in the
individual's behavioral repertoire, it does not need to be trained & one can be skipped over that step.
The purpose of this is to decrease total training time needed to learn the chain.
Behavior Chain ans: A specific sequence of discrete responses, each associated with a particular stimulus
condition,where each response & the associated stimulus condition serve as an individual component of
the chain. When the components of the are linked together, they produce a terminal outcome. Each
response in a this produces a stimulus change that simultaneously serves 2 functions: (a) A conditioned
reinforcer for the response that produced it & (b) an Sd for the next response in the chain. An exception
to this procedure is about the dual function and that is the first & last response serve as either an Sd or
an conditioned reinforcer. Example: Dialing a phone number
Behavior Chain with Limited Hold ans: The chain must be performed correctly & within a certain time.
Accuracy & rate are essential dimensions to this hold. Example: In a phone number, each digit must be
dialed within a certain amount of time after the previous digit. If too much time elapses in between the
dialing of the digits, then the phone number will be dialed incorrectly or may not be dialed at all.
Benefits of Chaining ans: Increases independent living skills so that individuals can function more
independently in society. Elaborates an individual's current behavioral repertoire. Example: Teaching a
person with intellectual disabilities the steps of working in an assembly line for employment.
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